Lowest Cost Energy : Clean Under-Utilized Methane
3 : Methane Hydrate extraction , CBM / CSG
• Currently officially applied or tested main methods are Thermal injection ( hot water / steam ), Depressurization , & CO2 replacement methods etc .
• Temporal wells : Ignik Sikumi ( US ), Mallik ( Canada ), Atsumi Peninsula 400m off Coast ( Japan ), Permanent types ;( Mount Elbert )( US ), all negligible production volume ( 0.01million m3 / day range ): Some of known participators : ConocoPhillips , BP , Vnnigaz Gazprom « Газпром ВНИИГАЗ », Oil and Natural Gas Corporation of India , GNS Science , German gas hydrate initiative , ��� ���������� JMH , JAPEX ������ , ��������� , � ������ , 가스하이드레이트 사업단 Gas Hydrate R & D Organization . Also smaller private operators participation : Hydrate Resources Corporation +
: Started as coal mine degasification program for safety in 1980s in US . Natural gas contained in highly porous coal molecule structure & seams in relation to bacterial action / generation ( speed of CH4 production seem to widely vary by conditions ), also fair volume of Methane would be additionally produced by injecting CO2 into the coal bed which bacteria reduces ( removing oxygen ) to Methane for future yield ( Golding-Rudolph-Esterle +): ( see Abiotic oil p381-386 )
141 linkedin . com / in / newnatureparadigm -Ben Rusuisiak : Specialty Cleantech Analysis , Vancouver , Canada
: