science
The results obtained for the first time confirm the fact that
associated nuclear bodies (SNF) play an important role within
the framework of the alternative mechanism of telomere
lengthening.
It can be assumed that disruption of the formation of associated
nuclear bodies (SNF) is able to stop the proliferation of positive
tumor cells.
The results of the studies can probably be used to combat the
development of tumor cells.
However, the functions of associated nuclear bodies (SNF)
remain unclear for the time being.
Much remains to be learned in this area. Nevertheless, it is obvious
that experiments with telomerase open new perspectives both
in gerontology and in oncology for the diagnosis of cancer and,
what is especially important, for its treatment.
However, there are a number of tumors, about 10-15% of the
total number, whose cells are able to divide endlessly without
activation of telomerase.
Cells of such tumors use the so-called mechanism of alternative
telomere elongation (ATS). This is due to the presence in them
of associated nuclear bodies (SNF).
On telomeres such bodies are formed with the participation of
PML-proteins (promyelocytic leukemia). In normal cells, these
structures are not detected.
Scientists from the University of Munich, using a new technique,
managed to artificially recreate in living cells the associated
nuclear bodies (AYAT).
This task could be solved by attaching to the telomeres PML-
proteins and other proteins of associated nuclear bodies.
In the course of the conducted studies, scientists not only
analyzed the process of formation of the bodies, but also
followed what happens afterwards.
In particular, the newly formed associated
nuclear bodies (ANN) induced the elongation of
repeating telomeric sequences. Elongation was
by the mechanism of repair of DNA damage.
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world monitor
It is necessary to mention one more important
discovery of British scientists from the University
of Nottingham. The attention of biologists has
long been attracted to planar worms, which have
extraordinary abilities for regeneration.
A group of biologists studied two types of these
worms, reproducing sexually and by simple
division. Both types are capable of restoring
muscles, skin, insides and even nerve endings an
infinite number of times.
Scientists concluded that the advantage of asexual worms is
that during the regeneration, the amount of telomerase in their
cells increases dramatically. The presence of such a mechanism
can potentially make them immortal.
In 2009, "for the discovery
of a mechanism for the
protection of chromosomes
by telomeres and the
enzyme telomerase" and
their influence on the aging
process, three American
scientists received the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Medicine.