Why Principals Matter: Exploring The Research On School Leadership. School Leadership Brief_18P429_digital_FINAL | Page 18

Notes
1
Kenneth Leithwood, Karen S. Louis, Stephen Anderson, and Kyla Wahlstrom, How Leadership Influences Student

Learning: Review of Research. (New York: The Wallace Foundation, 2004).
2
Leithwood, Louis, Anderson, and Wahlstrom, How Leadership Influences Student Learning: Review of Research.
Jason A. Grissom, “School Leadership and School Improvement in Tennessee” (presentation, Tennessee

Education Research Alliance, Nashville, TN, December 2017).
3
Lauren Matlach, Supporting and Retaining Effective Principals (Washington, D.C.: American Institutes for

Research, 2015).
4
Gregory F. Branch, Eric A. Hanushek, and Steven G. Rivkin, “Estimating the Effect of Leaders on Public Sector

Productivity: The Case of School Principals,” Working Paper No. 66 (National Center for Analysis of

Longitudinal Data in Education Research, 2012).
5
6
Tennessee Department of Education, Tennessee Educator Survey, 2017, http://educatorsurvey.tnk12.gov
George W. Bush Institute, The Importance—and the Challenges—of Evaluating Principal Preparation Programs

(Dallas, TX: George W. Bush Institute, 2016); Sean P. Corcoran, Amy Ellen Schwartz, and Meryle

Weinstein, The New York City Aspiring Principals Program: A School-Level Evaluation (New York, NY: New

York University, 2009).
7
The New Teacher Project, The Irreplaceables: Understanding the Real Retention Crisis in America’s Urban

Schools (New York, NY: The New Teacher Project, 2012).
8
9
Leib Sutcher, Linda Darling-Hammond, and Desiree Carver-Thomas, A Coming Crisis in Teaching? Teacher

Supply, Demand, and Shortages in the U.S. (Palo Alto, CA: Learning Policy Institute, 2016).
10
Grissom, “School Leadership and School Improvement in Tennessee”
Jason A. Grissom and Brendan Bartanen, “School Principal Race and the Hiring and Retention of Racially Diverse

Teachers.” Working Paper (Vanderbilt University, 2018).
11
12
Tennessee Department of Education, Tennessee State Report Card, 2017,

https://www.tn.gov/education/data/report-card.html
13

Tennessee Department of Education, Teacher Demographic Data, 2014
Jason A. Grissom, Emily Kern, and Luis A. Rodriguez, “The ‘Representative Bureaucracy’ in Education: Educator

Workforce Diversity, Policy Outputs, and Outcomes for Disadvantaged Students,” Educational Researcher

44, no. 3 (April 2015): 185-192; Jason A. Grissom, Luis A. Rodriguez, and Emily Kern, “Teacher

and Principal Diversity and The Representation of Students of Color in Gifted Programs: Evidence

from National Data,” The Elementary School Journal 117, no. 3 (March 2017): 396-422; Constance A. Lindsay

and Cassandra M. D. Hart, “Exposure to Same-Race Teachers and Student Disciplinary Outcomes for

Black Students in North Carolina,” Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 39, no. 3 (March 2017): 485-

510.
14
Grissom, Rodriguez, and Kern, “Teacher and Principal Diversity and The Representation of Students of Color in

Gifted Programs: Evidence from National Data”
15
16
Jason A. Grissom and Brendan Bartanen, “School Principal Race and The Hiring and Retention of Racially Diverse

Teachers,” forthcoming.
New Leaders, Change Agents: How States Can Develop Effective School Leaders (New York, NY: New Leaders,

2013).
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