Web application security - the fast guide 1.1 | Page 31

Chapter 2 - Web Application technologies P a g e | 31 HttpOnly is another attribute that prevent client side java scripts from accessing cookies information directly and restrict access to http only. 2.2.5 Securing HTTP: One problem of HTTP protocol that it sends the contents in plain text mode so it will be easy for anyone eavesdropping on line to be able to disclose or alter the sent messages thus it is important to find a way to secure HTTP messages. The most common approach is to use HTTPS protocol which depends mainly on tunneling HTTP messages through secure socket layer protocol (SSL) in order to apply encryption and hashing functionalities to assure messages confidentiality and integrity. Http authentication: Http protocol itself has three main methods to provide authentication services to different users:  Basic: original and most compatible authentication scheme user credentials are sent with each request in Http header encoded as Base46- encoded string the less secure scheme.  NTLM: designed by Microsoft a challenge-response mechanism uses a version of the Windows NTLM protocol originally had problem but recently resolved it considered more secure than digest scheme.  Digest: added in version HTTP 1.1 .authentication is more secure than basic authentication as it never transfers the actual password across the network, but instead uses it to encrypt a "nonce" field value sent from the server. 2.3 Client side functionalities -HTML HTML stands for Hyper Text markup language. It is tag based language with the main functionality to set the presentation structure of the document specifying how the document is going to be render by the browser. HTML were amended frequently and new version were developed the current is HTML5 which has a special capability to deal with multimedia contents and enhance searching ability by adding semantic tags. Other standards were also developed like XHTML which allows a strict control over HTML syntax as XML based document.