We The People Spring 2016 | Page 6

WE THE PEOPLE Preserving Madison’s Temple An Architectural Statement Reflecting the Political Complexities of an Evolving Nation Thanks to a $500,000 leadership gift from Forrest Mars, Jr., Montpelier is nearing completion on the first phase of restoration of the iconic Madison Temple. Originally built around 1810 by Thomas Jefferson’s master carpenter, James Dinsmore, likely with the help of fellow craftsman John Neilson, the Temple is an architectural symbol of Madison’s republican ideals. Dinsmore and Neilson came to Montpelier to work on the major renovation of the house, which unified it from two discrete conjoined houses 6 into the much larger building we see today. The Temple was built on the site of Madison Sr.’s 18thcentury blacksmith shop to take advantage of the nearby ice pond and pleasant summer breezes. It demonstrates the shift from a utilitarian to symbolic landscape that James Madison oversaw during his retirement. The pit for the ice house below the Temple was dug using plantation slave labor and lined with bricks made on site. Timbers for the dome, ceiling and wooden floor were most likely felled from trees on the plantation and could have been milled at Madison’s sash saw water-powered lumber mill. The masonry features, including the solid brick columns and brick-lined ice house, were most likely created by Hugh Chisholm. Another one of Jefferson’s craftsmen, Chisholm was a mason and plasterer who worked at Monticello, and on the 1809-1812 renovations of Montpelier.