We the Italians November 16, 2015 - 72 | Page 68

th # 72 •novemBER 16 , 2015 read more about #Studying (in) Italy STUDYING (IN) ITALY: 3 Inventions that Shaped the History of Ancient Rome By John Cabot University Many inventions that we take for granted today – from roadways to concrete and even our calendar – have their origins in the ancient world. Some were invented in Ancient Rome, and others were perfected by the Empire as it absorbed technologies from the civilizations it conquered. As you complete your studies in Italy, you’ll get to learn about some of these innovations first-hand in one of John Cabot University’s many on-site classes. And even outside of class, students can explore the world-famous Roman aqueducts, stroll along 2, 000-year-old roads, or marvel at the famous dome of the Pantheon. 68 | WE THE ITALIANS www.wetheitalians.com Which inventions shaped the history of Ancient Rome and why are many of them still in use today? Read on to find out. The Julian Calendar Helped Standardize the Passage of Time ger or shorter (whichever best suited their interests). To help standardize years (and prevent officials from manipulating the calendar to advance their political agendas), Julius Caesar created the Julian Calendar. It was based on the solar year rather than the phases of the moon, and used a leap year every four years to help keep the calendar in sync with the Earth’s movements around the sun. It was only off by 11 minutes each year, which is why the Gregorian Calendar we use today is heavily based on the Julian version. While Ancient Roman innovations are often overshadowed by earlier Greek breakthroughs, the Roman Empire can still take credit for several important developments – including the Julian Calendar. Before the creation of the Julian Calendar, Ancient Rome used the unwieldy Roman Calendar which was often manipu- Without the calendar to lated by officials to make help organize important chronologically, a term in office either lon- events