Water, Sewage & Effluent May-June 2018 | Page 31

Water Sewage & Effluent May/June 2018 innovations Chris Braybrooke, Veolia "As conventional sources of freshwater become increasingly strained in the face of increasing urbanisation and population growth, cities will need to look at alternative sources of ensuring their future water security." resource. As conventional sources of freshwater become increasingly strained in the face of increasing urbanisation and population growth, cities will need to look at alternative sources of ensuring their future water security. Water reuse, which can be treated to a wide spectrum of quality grades for industrial or potable use, is a critical component of these strategies.” The technologies exist to clean and treat even the dirtiest of wastewater to a potable standard. That is achieved by the Goerengab Plant, which uses sludge treatment technologies and processes to recycle wastewater and semi-purified sewage to a standard that is 100% safe for human consumption, and which supplies approximately a third of the City of Windhoek’s potable water supply. The 47.5Mℓ/day of municipal and industrial effluent recycled by the DWR plant, on the other hand, is treated purely for industrial reuse by the industrial processes of the city’s high-volume water users like SAPREF and Mondi. “This water is supplied at half the cost of conventional bulk water, reducing these customers’ overall water costs while freeing up a significant volume of potable water, which allowed the city to expand its existing bulk infrastructure to previously unserviced communities in the greater metropolitan area,” Braybrooke explains. Industrial facilities are also implementing their own on-site wastewater treatment plants to treat and recycle waste streams for internal reuse in a drive to achieve zero liquid discharge (ZLD). As such, they are reducing their dependence on municipal wastewater works, optimising water use costs, increasing self-sufficiency in guaranteeing a stable water supply, and minimising the risk of environmental contamination. Water is not the only precious resource that can be produced from sludge, however, and, more and more, dewatered solids from the sludge treatment process that were previously destined for landfill, are being selectively harvested and reused. At Ambatovy Mine in Madagascar, Veolia technologies are used to extract over 200 000 tons of ammonium sulphate per year, which is sold to the agricultural industry. “What was initially conceived of as a significant, potentially harmful solid waste ‘problem’, is now a secondary revenue stream for the mine that offsets production costs and thus improves profitability,” says Braybrooke. High COD waste streams contain latent, usable energy through the BioThelys plants use biological sludge reduction technology. 29