Vet360 Issue 4 Volume 2 | Page 26

CARDIO-RESPIRATORY CARDIAC AND RESPIRATORY Dogs with concurrent cardiac and respiratory conditions are frequently encountered. Careful interpretation of the clinical, radiographic, and electrocardiographic findings will generally point to the correct diagnosis. Measurement of the biomarker pro brain natriuretic peptide (proBNP) serum concentrations may be useful to help confirm or exclude CHF; consideration must be given to the fact that proBNP levels can be elevated in renal dysfunction and in severe pulmonary hypertension. 1. A reduction in the respiratory tract secretions, this is counterproductive in the long term by increasing viscosity and hindering removal of the secretions and mucus, with resultant `plugging` of the airways. 2. Upper airway obstructive conditions (eg collapsing trachea and laryngeal paralysis) may produce noncardiac oedema that responds, and benefits from short-term intermittent frusemide therapy. REFERENCES - available on www.vet360.vetlink.co.za CARDIOLOGY SERVICES Cape Town Veterinary Hospital Constantia. 021 794 1522 RUSSELL LEADSOM [email protected] 083 218 6562 A trial dose of frusemide for 48 hours may help identify the cardiac patient, whereas prednisolone may alleviate the respiratory condition. But confusion can occur when a respiratory patient appears to improve on a diuretic; this may be attributed to • • • ECG Echocardiography Doppler studies • • • • Blood pressure ECG interpretation & advice to colleagues Fully mobile service & Alphen Comments on the “Coughing Dog” A J Carter, BVSc MMed Vet (Med) Small animals Fourways Animal Hospital [email protected] 011 705 3411 As noted in the article the differentiation between the patient with mitral valve disease and congestive heart failure and respiratory disease can be difficult. The age old dogma that a cough and a murmur equals congestive heart failure needs to be broken. A first step is to look at the heart rate. As noted in the article if the cough is due to respiratory disease then the heart rate tends to be normal to reduced which is the opposite to heart failure where it tends to be increased. The age breed and body condition also help to differentiate between the two conditions. Once a clinical suspicion has been determined chest vet360 Issue 04 | JULY 2015 | 26 radiographs will help in identifying the underlying problem. Use of the biomarker proBNP can help as a screening test to include or exclude congestive heart failure. As with any biochemical test it has to be rea