Vet360 Issue 4 Volume 2 | Page 19

ACCREDITED CPD Glucose curves have limitations • Curves on sequential days are rarely the same. There are lots of variables - the food, exercise, hormone levels... • Time to nadir can vary from day to day in THE SAME ANIMAL °° NB Don’t try to save money and cherry pick what times you want to sample. A lot can happen in a 3-4 hr gap and you could be missing a very low nadir. Several studies have shown that glucose curves and the timing of the nadir will vary from day to day in the same dog/cat, even when they are stable. So you cannot assume that a dog that had its nadir at 11 am on a previous curve will do the same again tomorrow even with a very good owner who sticks to EXACTLY the same feeding and exercise regime. °° The only thing a random blood glucose is useful for is to confirm that a hypoglycaemic event is currently happening. Stress plays havoc with curves – so try and have the clients do them at home • Only start a curve after the animal has been stable and nothing has changed in the management for 5-7 days • It is important to only change the dose if your glucose curve agrees with the clinical signs and history. If not, try another curve Problem cases These are usually animals whose clinical signs persist despite high insulin doses (> 2 IU/kg/dose), animals who have repeated unexplained hypoglycaemic episodes or animals whose insulin requirements appear to fluctuate. To solve these, consider the following steps: Visit 1: (a long consultation!) Status quo: client should have a diary and should be recording. Look at diary and determine trends Food: take a careful history to determine how closely client is sticking to the prescribed schedule. Ask about treats, rewards, what happens during braai’s and parties, how are they coping with small kids dropping food, how are they pilling dog. The carbohydrate load may be important esp in cats: amount of carbohydrate in diet as well as the glycaemic index of the source. Insulin storage and administration Storage: in fridge, not next to the freezer compartment, in the \