Vet360 Issue 2 Volume 3 | Page 27

ACCREDITED CPD - SURGERY plasia of the lateral wall of the vertical ear canal. The indications for a TECA-BO is severe end stage otitis externa and media. All of these cases usually have severe narrowing of the ear canal, which makes topical medical treatment unsuccessful These are cases that have failed to respond to appropriate long term medical management: • Have severe calcification of the cartilage of the ear canal. • Have visible sclerosis or fluid accumulation in the tympanic bulla. • Have severe soft tissue hyperplasia from chronic inflammation extending past the vertical canal. • Have neoplasia of the medial vertical and horizontal ear canal. Severe trauma to the ear canal, or congenital malformations can often require a TECA BO when the integrity of the ear canal is severely damaged. Figure 1. A standard ventro-dorsal radiograph. In this patient the right ear canal shows soft tissues opacities (white arrow) which were diagnosed as severley inflammed tissue on biopsy. The left ear canal (blue arrow) is normal A high percentage of dogs with severe otitis have associated allergic skin disease. This skin disease should be managed medically prior to resorting to surgery. The otitis will often benefit greatly from management of the allergic skin disease. However if there is marked mineralisation of the ear canal, or secondary changes in the bulla then the ear disease will eventually require surgery. The advantages of surgery include: • No need for continued medical treatment with successful surgery (can often negatively affect the petowner relationship) • Relief of pain and improved quality of life for the patient • Prevents further secondary change and damage to associated structures The disadvantages of surgery include: • Surgical complications such as facial nerve paralysis, vestibular syndrome and Horner’s syndrome • Financial cost of surgery • Surgical complications Complete ear work up for surgery A complete physical examination is part of any work up to try ascertain if there are any concurrent disease processes that may complicate the healing of the patient or the ability to tolerate the anaesthesia and surgery. A full neurological exam should always be performed to detect any pre-existing facial nerve or peripheral vestibular involvement. The owners should be informed of these results as they may be present in a significant number of dogs. An abnormal neurological examination may indicate severe progression of the otitis or other differential diagnoses Figure 2. Rostro-caudal skull radiograph. Arrow indicates thickening of right tympanic bulla wall suggestive of otitis media. Arrowhead indicates normal left tympanic bulla Figure 3. The patient in position prior to surgery Issue 02 | APRIL 2016 | 27 April 2016 Vet360 for Madaleen Review.indd 27 2016/03/24 2:24 PM