USTHB English Speakers Magazine USTHB English Speakers Magazine 1st Edition | Page 17

Argument from
ignorance
The whole meaning of this
logical fallacy is to assert that
a proposition is true because it
has not been proved false or to
assert that a proposition is false
because it has not been proved
true, as an example saying:”we
couldn’t prove that this part of
human body is useless so it’s
useful” or “we couldn’t prove
that this part of human body
is useful so it’s useless”, wheth-
er this part is useful or useless,
the two statements are wrong
because the reasoning is Not
knowing something doesn’t
mean it doesn’t exist, so you
may not know what’s the ben-
efits of some parts of your
body but that doesn’t mean
that those benefits doesn’t ex-
ist (that doesn’t mean it’s use-
ful either ), it happens a lot in
every field of science where
there’s no exact answers and
scientists give argument and
counter argument to show
that they’re right like in “the
theory of parallel universe in
physics», «the theory of evolu-
tion in biology” and so on. The
only conclusion we can make
is that the absence of evidence
can’t be an argument of any-
thing, the absence of evidence
means that we just don’t know
anything about our case, prob-
ably yet.
Circular reasoning
A state where someone begins
with what he’s trying to end
with, its general form is “X is
true because Y is true and Y
is true because X true», and
this is not a good statement
at all, in order to proof the
case X then you should do it
independently of what’s com-
ing after X being true, most of
people make circular fallacy in
mathematics “1+1=2 because
2=1+1” or in real life “I’m the
best guy in the world because
the best guy in the world is
me”. Sometimes it’s hard to
detect this fallacy because of
longer chain of propositions,
you should be careful and go
deeply in studying or making
reasoning.
Texas Sharpshooter
this logical fallacy is commit-
ted whenever you start collect-
ing data to support your point
of view and make it stronger
and also ignoring what shows
it weakness and mistakes, this
fallacy has been and contin-
ued to be used by many scien-
tists based on their personal
beliefs (religious or historical
ones) in the fields of biology,
geology and psychology just to
prove that thir personal tenets
are true based on science.
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