TTO_Grant Catalogue Grant Catalogue | Page 22

Non-Perturbative Approaches to Hadron Interactions in Quantum Chromodynamics ABSTRACT 2011 National Grants Mechanical Engineering Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory that explains the dynamics and interactions of quarks, which are one of the fundamental particles of matter, in terms of gluon exchanges. Quarks, which carry one of the three color charges (red, green or blue), cannot exist as free particles. However, quarks combine so as to form colorless hadrons (mesons as quark—antiquark and baryons as three quark states) such as the proton and the neutron or those that can be observed via high-energy and nuclear physics experiments. The hadronic sector is composed of light u, d, s and heavy c, b, t quark flavors. The lightest quarks u and d have masses of the order of a few MeV, whereas the strange (s) quark has a mass around 150 MeV. As compared to the typical hadron mass scale (~1 GeV), one can assume an approximate SU(3) symmetry [flavor-SU(3)] between the u, d and s quarks. The interactions of hadrons have long been studied both theoretically and experimentally as they provide key answers with regard to fundamental structure of matter and the symmetries of nature. One important issue in LHC is to understand the QCD background. While there are some model-dependent approaches in the literature, hadronic interactions are in principle explained by QCD. Such a first-principles description of the hadron-hadron interaction, however, is highly complicated, particularly at low energy, where QCD is a non-perturbative theory. Two of the approaches that are commonly used in this framework are the methods of QCD sum rules and lattice QCD. The QCD sum rules method is a powerful tool to extract qualitative and quantitative information about hadron properties. For this reason it has been extensively applied in the literature to analyze various problems. In this method one uses an analytical technique to match the behaviors of hadrons at high and low energies. This matching then allows us to obtain the characteristic properties of hadrons as obtained directly from QCD. The information obtained though this method has long been used as an input for other theoretical approaches and experimental efforts. Lattice QCD is another approach which offers a method of calculating hadronic observables. It allows us to obtain information about hadron properties starting from first principles and without making any model-dependent assumptions. In this technique, QCD is formulated on a space-time lattice and the resulting equations are solved numerically on a computer. Lattice QCD has proved to be rather successful in predicting the spectral properties of mesons and baryons, as well as the parameters characterizing their interactions. The goal of this project is to determine the spectrum and the interactions of octet and decuplet baryons. In particular, we aim to concentrate on the axial and the electromagnetic charges together with the form factors of baryons. For this purpose we are going to utilize the method of QCD sum rules and lattice QCD. A determination of these parameters will provide precious information about the structure of baryons and will allow us to explore the strangeness sector and to check whether flavor-SU(3) is a good symmetry of nature or not. Our work will be compared and provide input to other theoretical approaches and to experimental efforts. 22 Doç. Dr. Güray Erkol DEPARTMENT Mechanical Engineering CONTACT [email protected] FUNDING SCHEME TÜBİTAK 1001 START DATE 01.01.2011 DURATION 36 months OZU BUDGET 280,730.00 TL