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[ B U Y- S I D E is available. At BlackRock, we will systematically consume some of this information and allow tech- nology to aggregate it, organise it, and present it in a meaningful and constructive manner. Five to seven years ago, the buy-side relied main- ly on its sell-side partners for this information, but now they do not necessarily have the full picture of the liquidity environment so you need to supplement the informa- tion with additional sources. There is also a shift from pri- marily principally traded markets towards more agency markets. This is driven partly by the sell-side no longer being able to provide the instantaneous risk transfer like they were able to in prior years. This has led to the development of agency-style offerings where the liquidity risk premium has shifted from the sell-side to the buy-side. We are always keeping a keen eye on new disruptive technologies that are being explored. Current- ly, there is a lot of discussion on distributed ledger technologies or Blockchain. Will DLT provide more efficient ways for reconciling I N T E R V I E W and confirming trades? Will DLT provide a mechanism for instanta- neous settlement reducing credit exposure among participants? There are several use cases that are actively being discussed by indus- try participants. Will you look to other non-bank and proprietary trading firms to provide that liquidity? SV: From a BlackRock perspective, we will look at all forms of liquidi- ty. If the proprietary trading firms provide liquidity in markets under certain conditions and it is benefi- cial to our clients, we will explore using it, especially in products or markets where there are liquid- ity constraints. Products where clearing houses provide interme- diation, mitigating credit concerns and increased price transparency, are where new market participants are appearing. These products | B L A C K R O C K ] “Derivatives may change their form or structure to adapt to market structure but will always be a part of the investment instruments used by managers.” tend to be more capital efficient, making them more attractive to new entrants. There are also more all-to-all platforms emerging where all participants access the same pool of liquidity allowing for new entrants to join. What are the main elements that have impacted pricing of OTC deriv- atives since the onset of SEFs? SV: It is difficult to isolate for the impact SEFs have had on pricing, as there were many changes also taking place at the same time that had an impact. Any instrument that is mandated to trade with price discovery in competition with multiple liquidity providers, is Issue 52 TheTradeNews.com 55