The Sovereign Voice issue 4 | Page 73

OF DISCOVERY” By Reverend Dr Nancy Ash, DD, PhD A Papal Bull was (and is) delivered “open” with a seal attached to the bottom of a single sheet of parchment (written on only one side). In terms of context vs. content, let’s say that a Papal Bull is the presentation, format or context for delivering the content or formal decree from any pope. They’ve been in use since the fourth century CE, though not formally legitimized until the twelfth century when designated as a “valid” letter from the pope carrying a distinctive bulla—a round metal seal usually made of lead, though on rare and solemn occasions (Byzantine imperial deeds) it was made of gold. Papal Bulls were usually written in antiquated characters known as curialis script and then traditionally sealed with the bulla, known as a Great Seal of the Papacy. Looking like an ancient coin, the round bulla depicted heads of the founders of the Church of Rome, apostles Peter and Paul, with their images separated by a cross on one side, with the issuing pope’s signature on the reverse side. Lead bulla (obverse and reverse), Pope Urban V, 1362 Image Source By the thirteenth century, Papal Bull referred to all important documents issued by the Pontiff; and it morphed to a tersely principal papal record in the fifteenth century when an office of the papal chancery was named, “registrar of the bulls” (registrum bullarum). Old seals still exist from the eleventh century (none in their entirety before 819 CE), with original leaden bulls remaining from the sixth century CE. There are some preserved apart from the document to which they were once attached. TheSovereignVoice.Org