The Score Magazine October 2018 issue! | Page 40

PUNEET SAMTANI Popular Stereo Microphone Techniques The Need to record in Stereo When our ears hear sound in stereo, the left and right ear take in auditory stimuli and then our brain locates the direction in which sound is coming from. Recording in stereo makes the instrument sound fuller and rich, it gives it much more body than recording with one single microphone. Recording in stereo replicates the natural way of listening to music. Understanding Phase When we talk about a particular time in our life, we refer to that time as a phase in our life! Even in audio the term phase has to do with time. When we are recording the same instrument with two or more microphones, the same sound is going to arrive at different microphones at slightly different times. (within milliseconds of each other) Audio signals either go into positive amplitudes or into negative amplitudes. If they are travelling in the same amplitude the frequencies will boost each other and if they are travelling in opposite amplitudes, they will cancel each other out. Generally, the resulting audio has volume fluctuations and frequency boosting and cancellations. If the two signals are perfectly 180 degrees apart from each other then you will have complete silence. While recording one must adjust the microphone placement in order to minimize phase issues. One must try and flip the polarity switch. This basically inverts the waveform 180 degrees and makes the peaks the valleys and valleys the peaks. This can make a difference and solve phase issues. Image courtesy Rode Microphones http://www.rode.com/blog/all/stereotechniques 38 The Score Magazine highonscore.com Monitoring in mono can make you identify phase issues better. If the sound disappears, or becomes weak when the