The Leaf THE LEAF Sept-Oct 2018 | Page 13

According to the documentary, a 12th century painting found in a Sicilian basilica also “appears to show Jesus near a pot leaf.” The painting is titled “Jesus healing the blind.” Interestingly enough, “modern scientific studies have since proven that cannabis delays retinal degeneration,” Rice says. The American History of Cannabis In the U.S., the prohibition of marijuana began to turn in 1996 when California became the first state to legalise medical cannabis. Since then, many others have followed. In 2012, Colorado and Washington state became the first states to legalise its recreational use. Today, the majority of Americans support cannabis either as a medicine, for recreational use, or both. Surveys show at least 4 in 10 Americans have tried marijuana, while nearly 60 percent support full legalisation. A 2013 survey also found a majority of physicians — 76 percent — approve of the medical use of marijuana. CNN’s chief medical correspondent and neurosurgeon Sanjay Gupta even made a highly publicised reversal on his anti- marijuana stance after the production of his two-part series “Weed,” which aired in 2014. The American history of cannabis goes back to our Founding Fathers, who cultivated the plant for industrial purposes. George Washington, for example, is said to have grown more than 100 hemp plants at his home in Mount Vernon, Virginia. Cannabis is called hemp when being used for its fibres, which are extracted from the stem and constructed into rope, clothing and paper. Hemp plants are low in tetrahydrocannabinols (THC) levels and therefore do not get you high. During the 17th century, hemp was viewed as an important cash crop. It was used for rope by navies around the world, and as a thick durable linen ideal for clothing and packaging heavy materials. Hemp seed oil was used in soaps, paints and varnishes. The battle that has raged over marijuana is a long and arduous one. You can read a brief history of marijuana prohibition in the Huffington Post. Still, movements to legalise marijuana have persisted throughout, starting as early as 1973, when Oregon became the first state to decriminalise cannabis. The most successful movement to date, and the one that produced the first legal marijuana market in decades, is the medical marijuana movement. Medical cannabis is now legal in 30 U.S. states, the majority of which allow limited use of medical marijuana under certain medical circumstances, although some limit medical cannabis to oils or pills only. A number of municipalities have also created their own marijuana rules, either decriminalising it, legalising it, enacting rules that direct city law enforcement to cease arresting individuals for marijuana possession, or making cannabis offenses the lowest priority for law enforcement. What Can Cannabis Treat? As mentioned, your body makes its own cannabinoids, similar to those found in marijuana, but in much smaller amounts. These endocannabinoids appear to perform signalling operations similar to your body’s neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin. Cannabinoid receptors can be found on cell membranes throughout your body. In fact, scientists now believe they may represent the most widespread receptor system. The fact that your body is replete with cannabinoid receptors, key to so many biological functions, is why there’s such enormous medical potential for cannabis. Even though research has been limited by its classification as a Schedule 1 controlled substance, its list of medicinal benefits is still quite long.