Test Drive | Page 73

Chapter  4:  Context  and  contextual  changes     merit,   and   the   acceptance   of   that   status   within   the   tribe.   They   are   in   theory   representatives   of   their   communities  to  outsiders  (Philips,  2011).       As  mentioned  in  the  concentric  circles,  the  tribes’  influence  at  the  national  level  depends  on  their  proximity  to   the   regime.   Many   sheikhs   are   financially   supported   by   the   government   through   a   non-­‐transparent   process   according   to   their   relevance   to   the   regime   (Philips,   2011).   The   regime   uses   incentives   to   strengthen   the   tribes,   but  at  the  same  time  also  feared  the  tribes  and  was  therefore  motivated  to  weaken  them  through  fragmenting   their   traditional   power   structures   and   dividing   the   power   social   forces   into   more   manageable   segments   (Philips,  2011).     Philips  (2007)  views  the  current  political  system  as  superimposed  on  a  society  with  strong  tribal  structures  that   are  often  quite  autonomous  from  the  state,  with  considerable  regional  differences,  and  with  extreme  poverty.   Rather   than   superimposition,   Al-­‐Daw 6&