Chapter
2:
Concept
note
Stage
4:
Ways
Forward
is
concerned
with
identifying
the
most
appropriate
means
of
implementing
solutions
and
promoting
favourable
institutional
and
policy
settings.
The
aim
is
twofold.
Firstly,
an
assessment
is
made
of
how
solutions
with
a
high
degree
of
‘fit’
with
existing
institutional
relations
might
best
be
taken
forward.
This
might
be
in
terms
of
the
allocation
of
resources,
the
formation
of
partnerships
with
organisations
or
the
introduction
of
particular
technologies,
etc.
Secondly,
suggestions
are
made
as
to
how
those
solutions
with
a
low
degree
of
‘fit’
could
be
advanced
by
means
of
adaptation
or
reform
to
institutional
arrangements
at
one
or
more
of
the
relevant
domains.
The
objective
here
is
to
explore
opportunities
for
generating
more
favourable
institutional
contexts
for
a
particularly
desirable
solution
so
that
it
is
not
sidelined
as
being
unrealistic
under
current
circumstances.
Figure
2.4:
The
key
steps
and
outcomes
in
the
IRS
analytical
framework
Key
questions
that
can
be
addressed
in
each
stage,
are
the
following:
Stage
1:
Water
storylines
Problems
and
solutions
form
stakeholder’s
perspectives
– What
stories
do
actors
tell
about
problems
and
their
(possible)
resolution
in
water
management?
– How
are
problems
defined?
What
are
the
perceived
causes
of
problems
and
what
kind
of
changes
and
(financial,
technological,
human)
resources
are
mentioned
as
necessary
to
making
improvements?
– Which
actors
are
affected
by
problems,
who
is
held
responsible
for
them
and
who
is
regarded
as
able
to
resolve
them
(i.e.,
who
are
the
stakeholders)?
– Which
problems/solutions
are
most
frequently
mentioned?
– What
coalitions
of
actors
are
presented
or,
less
directly,
are
discernible
in
storylines?
– Where
are
the
points
of
consensus
or
conflict
within
and
between
different
storylines?
Stage
2:
Domains
of
water
problems/
solutions
Forms
and
domains
of
water
politics
– In
which
political/spatial/scalar/temporal
domain(s)
are
problems
and
solutions
located?
– What
stakes
do
actors
have
in
these
problems/solutions?
– Who
has
power
according
to
these
storylines?
– Who
is
portrayed
as
being
responsible
for
problems?
Who
is
seen
as
affected
by
them?
And
who
appears
to
have
the
power
to
resolve
them?
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