Test Drive | Page 199

Chapter  11:  Recommendations     12   Baseline  assessment  on  current  capacity  development  problems   X       13   Develop  management  tools  and  instruments  for  WUAs     X   X   14   Identify  the  context  specific  arrangements     X     15   Actively  facilitate  multi-­‐level  governance     X   X   16   Strengthen  data  collection  on  the  basis  of  watersheds     X   X   17   Develop  fund  to  support  court  access  for  the  vulnerable       X   18   Mobile  water  courts     X   X   19   Study  on  the  role  of  donors  in  water  management     X     20   Strategy  for  first  responses  to  water  conflicts   X   X     21   Operationalize  existing  water  related  laws       X   22   Support  capacity  of  third  parties  intervening  in  water  conflicts   X   X   X   23   Support  embedding  of  mediation  in  current  legal  framework       X   24   Improve  codification  of  water  rights  and  rules       X   11.2    Raising  awareness,  building  capacity  and  exchanging  information     People   do   not   always   adhere   to   the   law,   rules   and   regulations,   especially   those   being   introduced   from   outside   their  community.  Rules  require  enforcement  and  legitimacy.  Legitimacy  depends  on  trust  and  trust  is  built  by   accountability,   transparency   and   fairness   of   rules   and   procedures   (i.e.,   predictability).   As   traditional   rules   continue   to   play   an   important   role,   it   is   recommended   to   support   the   debate   about   how   to   accommodate   the   traditional  values  in  the  challenging  requirements  of  the  near  future.  This  includes  a  better  understanding  of   the  state  of  affairs  with  regard  to  the  current  water  needs  and  future  requirements.   On  the  water  system:   1. Support   local   knowledge  exchange   within   the   water   system   (basin).   For   example,   support   the   farmer-­‐ to-­‐farmer   exchange   of   good   practices   over   the   regulation   of   groundwater.   2. Strengthen   initiatives   that   make   data   (on   for   example   agro-­‐climate   data   and   retail   prices   of   agricultural   produce)   publicly   available   (through   for   example   mobile  phones).     3. “We   cannot   expect   the   government   or   military  to  solve  our  problems  but  we  need   to   take   the   problem-­‐solving   into   our   own   hands.   Conflict   resolution   needs   to   be   organized   so   that   tribal   leaders   who   are   known   for   their   integrity   are   involved.   International   donors   can   supervise   the   resolution  process,  e.g.,  Dutch  embassy.”   Participant  consultation  meeting,  Amman,  2014   Qat  production  is  a  very  important  source  of  income.  A  strategy  aiming  to  diminish  the  amount  of  qat   should   focus   on   the   demand   and   production   sides.   Raising   awareness   on   the   health   and   environmental  impacts  can  help  reduce  the  demand.  Whereas  on  the  production  side,  farmers  should   be   assisted   with   growing   alternative   sustainable   cash   crops,   such   as   almond   trees.   This   requires   market  chain  development  and  commitment  from  donor  countries,  e.g.,  to  address  escalating  tariffs   and  other  restricting  rules.     On  the  current  water  rules  and  responsible  authorities:   The Political Economy in Yemen of Water Management: Conflict Analysis and Recommendations  186  of  241