Chapter
8:
Case
studies
in
Wadi
Siham
8.1.5
Water
control
moving
upstream
Wadi
Siham
offers
a
large
variety
of
irrigation
structures
(see
Figure
8.2).
The
first
distinction
is
between
controlled
and
uncontrolled
irrigation
structures.
Most
traditional
systems
are
uncontrolled,
non-‐permanent
structures
managed
by
farmers
(earthen
canals,
small
spurs,
and
large
sandy
bunds
accompany
permanent
dams
and
are
intersected
by
lined
canals
and
gates
as
shown
in
the
following
picture).
Controlled
systems
have
permanent
structures
that
give
greater
diversion
and
control
capabilities,
and
are
managed
by
a
public
agency
(Lackner
and
Vincent,
1998;
van
Steenbergen
et
al.,
2010).
Uncontrolled structures
Controlled structures
KEY
Sandy
Barriers/Haghus
Lateral
d
ykes/Mandubi
WSIP
1.
Mahadeli
2.
Bahlooli
3.
Shroefia
4.
Husseini
5.
Uthun
6.
Qamusia
7.
Akm/
Waqir
A.
Waqir
B.
Debashya
C.
Khalifa
D.
Barquqa
8.
Humaiqani
9.
Beshari
10.
Khlalyah
11.
Saqia
12.
Dehna
13.
Syali
14.
Matani
15.
Khanani
16.
Magaribi
17.
Barquqa
18.
Marzouki
19.
Qaserah
20.
Wajeh
21.
Shamiri
22.
Hajar/
Hakoume
23.
Beshari
NEW
24.
Mohammed
Yahya
25.
Omar
Qadi
26.
Mohammed
Abdallah
27.
Humaiqani
28.
Mohammed
Ali
Sanaa
29.
Hassan
Karar
Figure
8.2:
Wadi
Siham's
irrigation
infrastructure
Spate
irrigation
technologies
and
water
access
have
transformed
in
time
and
space
across
the
Wadi,
which
is
intrinsically
related
with
changing
water
governance
and
agrarian
relations.
Three
factors
were
crucial
in
enabling
collective
water
governance:
1.
Strong
co-‐operation
reinforced
through
a
common
objective,
i.e.,
agriculture;
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