into decentralized structures. We do not suggest that hierar-
chies will go away, but today’s leaders must understand both
emerging structures and traditional hierarchical structures to
determine which is best for addressing current challenges.
Second Trend: From Institutions to Movements
With increased usage of networked systems, there will be
a shift toward an emphasis on movements and their outcomes
rather than on the survival of institutions. There is much evi-
dence of the increased power and impact of movements. With
technology, people can virtually connect/partner/create and
generate a movement that changes the world – then disband
when another is created to address the next big issue.
It has been noted that the millennial generation is the
least likely to join or be loyal to institutions. This does not
mean that this generation is anti-establishment. It does mean