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GERODONTOLOGY ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM RESISTIN LEVEL AND PERIODONTAL CONDITION CHANGE AMONG ELDERLY PEOPLE Hiroshi Ogawa 1a* , Teerasak Damrongrungruang 2b , Reiko Furugen 3c , Hideaki Hayashida 3d , Toshiyuki Saito 3e , Akihiro Yoshihara 1f , Hideo Miyazaki 1g Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand 3 Department of Oral Health, Unit of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan 1 2 DDS, MDSc, PhD, Associate Professor DDS, PhD, Associate Professor c DDS, PhD, Assistant Professor d DDS, PhD, Lecturer e,f,g DDS, PhD, Professor a b ABSTRACT DOI: 10.25241/stomaeduj.2018.5(1).art.2 Aim: This study aimed to compare periodontal condition in four years of Japanese elderly between high and low serum resistin levels. Materials and methods: One hundred and thirty-two dentate community-dwelling participants enrolled in this cohort study. At baseline, blood sample were drawn for serum resistin and other adipokines/cytokines measurements. The participants were then divided into 2 groups; low resistin (LR, resistin < 5.3 ng/mL) group (n = 84) and high resistin (HR, resistin ≥ 5.3 ng/mL) group (n = 48). At baseline and after four years, all participants were subjected to periodontal examination (assessment pocket depth; PD and bleeding on probing; BOP). Annual general/oral health questionnaires were also performed. Intergroup comparisons of periodontal parameters and categorical variables were accomplished by t-test and Chi-square test, respectively. Association between baseline serum resistin level and periodontal condition alteration after four years in each group were analyzed by a multiple linear regression analysis. Results: At baseline, HR group had more sites with PD ≥ 4 mm concomitant BOP than those of LR group (5.8±9.0 vs. 2.8±4.8 sites). High serum resistin concentration and number of tooth loss markedly associated with reduction of sites with PD ≥ 4 mm and PD ≥ 4 mm concomitant BOP. Conclusion: High serum resistin level might negatively be associated to periodontal disease progression. Keywords: adipokine, elderly, inflammation, periodontitis, resistin. 1. Introduction Adipose tissue, in current view, is not only an inert organ for energy storage, but it is able to mediate signals to play important roles in a number of physiological responses, for instance activation of secretory process from endocrine and reproductive system, modulation of bone metabolism and controlling inflammatory processes [1]. It is well established knowledge in recent years that increase in metabolic overload relates to more frequent obesity and is closely associated with higher systemic inflammations [1]. Adipocytes produce a number of adipokine such as adiponectin, resistin and leptin as well as cytokine including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL- 6). These factors play a pivotal role in inflammation and immune reaction [1,2]. TNF-α and IL-6, two major inflammatory cytokines, were shown to overexpress in adipose tissue of obese mice and human, which clearly showed the link between obesity, diabetes and chronic inflammation [3-5]. Additionally, soluble molecules from adipocytes played a complex interaction with the immune cells [6]. Adiponectin, one of a well-studied adipokines, acts as an anti-inflammatory factor due to it inhibited TNF-α-induced adhesion molecule 24 OPEN ACCESS This is an Open Ac- cess article under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license. Peer-Reviewed Article Citation: Ogawa H, Damrongrungruang T, Furugen R, Hayashida H, Saito T, Yoshihara A, Miyazaki H. Association between serum resistin level and periodontal condition change among elderly people. Stoma Edu J. 2018;5(1):24-30. Academic Editor: Poul Erik Petersen, DDS, Dr Odont, BA, MSc, Professor, WHO Senior Consultant, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Received: January 26, 2018 Revised: February 02, 2018 Acccepted: February 28, 2018 Published: March 02, 2018 *Corresponding author: Associate Professor Hiroshi Ogawa, DDS, MDSc, PhD, Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274, Gakkocho- Dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514 Japan Tel: [phone], Fax: [phone], e-mail: [email protected] Copyright: © 2018 the Editorial Council for the Stomatology Edu Journal. expression [7] and induced anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and IL1R in human leukocytes [8]. Furthermore, its level is slightly decreased in periodontitis [9]. Resistin is an 144-amino-acid adipokine which was previously said to be predominantly expressed in adipocytes [10-11]. However, recent evidence demonstrated that resistin expressed mai