Associate Editors
Gerwin Arnetzl, DDS, PhD
Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Rafael Benoliel, DDS, PhD, BDS
Associate Dean, The State University of New
Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
Romeo Călărașu, MD, PhD, Acad (ASM)
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and
Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
Asja Čelebić, DDS, MSc, PhD, University of
Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Norina Consuela Forna, DDS, PhD
Dean, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and
Pharmacy, Jassy, Romania
Roland Frankenberger, DMD, PhD
FICD, FADM, FPFA, Hon Prof Dean, University
of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
Lola Giusti, DDS, CERT
University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
Klaus Gotfredsen, DDS, PhD
Dr Odont, University of Copenhagen
København, Denmark
Maria Greabu, MD, PhD
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and
Pharmacy, Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
Galip Gürel, DDS, MSc
Dentis Dental Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye
Anastassia E Kossioni, DDS, PhD
Athens Dental School University of Athens
Athens, Greece
Amid I Ismail, BDS, MPH, MBA, Dr Ph,
Dean, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Fawad Javed, BDS, PhD
University of Rochester, NY, USA
Joannis Katsoulis, DMD, PhD
MAS, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Luca Levrini, DDS, PhD
University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
Giorgio Lombardo, MD, DDS
University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Armelle Maniere-Ezvan, DDS, PhD
Dean, Nice Sophia-Antipolis University
Nice, France
Domenico Massironi, DDS, PhD
MSC Massironi Study Club, Melegnano
Milano, Italy
Noshir R. Mehta, DMD, MDS, MS
Associate Dean, Tufts University, Boston
MA, USA
Meda-Lavinia Negruțiu, DMD, PhD
Dean, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine
and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
Marian Neguț, MD, PhD
Acad (ASM), “Carol Davila” University of
Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest
Bucharest, Romania
Jean-Daniel Orthlieb, DDS, PhD
Vice-Dean, Aix Marseille University
Marseille, France
Letizia Perillo, DDS, PhD
The Second University of Naples (SUN)
Naples, Italy
Paula Perlea, DDS, PhD, Dean, “Carol Davila” Uni-
versity of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest
Bucharest, Romania
Chiarella Sforza, MD, PhD
University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Roman Šmucler, MD, PhD
Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Roberto Carlo Spreafico, DM, DMD
Busto-Arsizio, Milan, Italy
Editors
Sorin Andrian, DDS, PhD
“Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Jassy, Romania
Wilson Martins Aragão, DDS, PhD
Catholic University of Rio De Janeiro, Rio De
Janeiro, Brasil
Vasile Astărăstoae, MD, PhD
“Gr. T. Popa” University of Med icine and Pharmacy
Jassy, Romania
Gabriela Băncescu, MD, MSc, PhD
“Carol Davila”, University of Medicine and
Pharmacy, Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
Emanuel Adrian Bratu, DDS, MD, PhD, “Victor
Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Timișoara, Romania
Alexandru Dumitru Brezoescu, DDS
Chairman, Dentists’ College, Bucharest, Romania
Alexandru Bucur, DDS, MD, PhD
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Bucharest, Romania
Octavian Buda, MD, PhD
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
Arnaldo Castellucci, DDS, PhD
Florence, Italy
Ingrīda Čēma, DDS, PhD
Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
Gabi Chaushu, DMD, MD
Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Rayleigh Ping-Ying Chiang, MD, MMS
Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Robert A. Convissar, DDS, FAGD
New York Hospital Medical Center of Queens
New York, NY, USA
Antonino Marco Cuccia, DDS, PhD
University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Orlando Alves Da Silva, MD, PhD
Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
Ioan Dănilă, DDS, PhD
“Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Jassy, Romania
Yuri Dekhtyar, Eng, Dr phys
Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
Luc De Visschere, DDS, PhD
Gent University, Gent, Belgium
Diana Dudea, DDS, PhD
“Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and
Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Mohamed Sherine El-Attar, DDS, PhD
University Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
Paul B. Feinmann, DDS, PhD
Canton of Geneva, Switzerland
Luis J. Fujimoto, DDS, PhD
New York University, New York, NY, USA
Adi A. Garfunkel, DDS, PhD
Professor Em., Hebrew University Hadassah
Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
Răzvan Ionuţ Ghinea, PhD, MSc, BSc, University of
Granada, Granada, Spain
Daniela Aparecida Godoi Gonçalves, DDS, PhD
UNESP – Univ Est Paulista, Araraquara, Brazil
Martin D Gross, BDS, LDS, RCS, MSc
Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Emilian Hutu, DDS, PhD
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Bucharest, Romania
Alexandru A. Iliescu, DDS, PhD, University of
Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Dolj, Romania
Andrei C Ionescu, DDS, PhD
University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Abdolreza Jamilian, DDS, PhD
Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Hercules Karkazis, BDS, PhD
University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Joanna Kempler, DDS, PhD
University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
Amar Hassan Khamis, PhD, DEA, MSc, BSc College
of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Dubai, UAE
Henriette Lerner, DDS, PhD
Baden-Baden, Germany
Paulo Ribeiro de Melo, DDS
University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Annalisa Monaco, DDS, PhD,
University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
Nina Mussurlieva, DDS, PhD
Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Radmila R. Obradović, DDS, PhD
University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
Sever Toma Popa, DDS, PhD
“Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and
Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Xiaohui Rausch-Fan, DDS, PhD
Bernhard-Gottlieb-University, Vienna, Austria
Mihaela Răescu, DDS, PhD
“Titu Maiorescu” University, Bucharest, Romania
Matjaz Rode, DDS, PhD
University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Mare Saag, DDS, PhD
University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
Mihai C. Teodorescu, MD, PhD
University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics
Madison Madison, WI, USA
Douglas A. Terry, DDS, PhD
Esthetics Institute of Esthetic & Restorative Dentistry
Houston, TX, USA
Constantin Marian Vârlan, DDS, PhD
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Bucharest, Romania
Emilio Carlos Zanatta, DDS, PhD, MS, Santa Cecília
University (UNISANTA), Santos, SP, Brasil
Irina Nicoleta Zetu, DDS, PhD
“Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Jassy, Romania
Advisory Board
Marcus Oliver Ahlers, DDS, PD
Department of Operative Dentistry and Preventive
Dentistry Center for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Hamburg University Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Dana Cristina Bodnar, DDS, PhD, “Carol
Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy,
Bucharest, Romania
Cristina Maria Borțun, DDS, PhD
Professor and Head, Prosthetic Dentistry Technology
Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor
Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Timișoara, Romania
Bogdan Calenic, DDS, PhD
Associate Professor, Biochemistry Department Faculty
of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of
Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest
Bucharest, Romania
Nardi Casap-Caspi, DMD, MD
Professor and Head, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Department, Hadassah School of Dental Medicine
Hebrew University Hadassah Jerusalem
Jerusalem, Israel
Andrea Cicconetti, DMD, MD, PhD
Professor, Oro-Cranio-Facial Department, Faculty of
Medicine and Dentistry, “Sapienza” University of Rome
Rome, Italy
Paulo G. Coelho, DDS, PhD
Associate Professor, Department of Biomaterials
College of Dentistry, New York University, New York
NY, USA
Bogdan Alexandru Dimitriu, DDS, PhD
Professor and Head, Endodontic Department
Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Daniel Edelhoff, CDT, DMD, PhD
Professor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics
Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians- München
University, München, Germany
Claudia Maria de Felicio, MD, PhD
Professor, Orofacial Motricity Unit, Department of
Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, School of
Medicine Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Ribeirão
Preto, Brazil
Dorjan Hysi, DMD, MsC, PhD
Associate Professor, Pedodontics Department
Faculty of Dental Medicine Tirana, University of
Medicine Tirana, Tirana, Albania
Heinz Kniha, DDS, MD, PhD
Associate Professor, Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-
Maximilians- München University, München, Germany
Rodica Luca, DDS, PhD, Professor, “Carol Davila”
University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest,
Bucharest, Romania
Mariam Margvelashvili, DDS, MSc, PhD
Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and
Operative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine
Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
Rodolfo Miralles, MD, PhD
Professor, Physiology and Biophysics Department
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of
Medicine University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
Mutlu Özcan, DDS, PhD
Professor, Head of Dental Biomaterials Unit, Clinic
of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and
Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine
(ZZM), University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
Mariana Păcurar, DDS, PhD
Professor and Head, Orthodontics and DentoFacial
Orthopedics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine
University of Medicine and Pharmacy,Târgu Mureș,
Romania
Ion Pătrașcu, DDS, PhD
Professor and Head, Dentures Technology and Dental
Materials Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine,
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Bucharest, Romania
Sorin Claudiu Popșor, DDS, PhD
Professor and Head, Removable Prosthodontics
Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tg. Mureș, Romania
Alina Pūrienė, DDS, PhD
Professor, Periodontics Department, Institute of
Odontology Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University
Vilnius, Lithuania
Lucien Reclaru, Eng, PhD
Biomaterials Consultant, University of Geneva
Geneva, Switzerland
Stephen F. Rosenstiel, BDS, MSD
Professor and Chair, Restorative and Prosthetic
Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State
University, Columbus, OH, USA
Hande Sar Sancakli, DDS, PhD
Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty
of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkiye
Martina Schmid-Schwap, DDS, PhD
Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Bernhard Gottlieb
University of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Gregor Slavicek, DDS, PhD
Professor, Steinbeis-Transfer-Institute of Biotechnology in
Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Steinbeis University, Berlin, Germany
Marius Steigmann, DDS, PhD
Professor, Steigmann Implant Institute, Neckargemund, Germany
Ștefan-Ioan Stratul, PhD, MSc, MDiv
Associate Professor, Restorative Dentistry and
Endodontics Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș”
University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
Gianluca Martino Tartaglia, DDS, PhD
Associate Professor, Functional Anatomy Research
Center Laboratory of Functional Anatomy of the
Stomatognathic Apparatus, Department of Biomedical
Sciences for Health Faculty of Medicine, University of
Milan, Milan, Italy
Bernard Touati, DDS, PhD
Assistant Professor, Prosthodontics Department,
Faculty of Odontology, Paris V University, Paris, France
Tamara Tserakhava, DDS, PhD
Professor and Chair, Department of Pediatric
Dentistry Dental Faculty, Belarusian State Medical
University Minsk, Belarus
Sorin Uram-Țuculescu, DDS, PhD
Assistant Professor, Prosthodontics Department
School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth
University, Richmond, VA, USA
Reviewers-in-Chief
Stephen F. Rosenstiel, BDS, MSD
Professor Emeritus
The Ohio State University
Columbus, USA
Mihaela Rodica Păuna, DDS, PhD
Professor
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Bucharest, Romania
Sheldon Dov Sydney, DDS, FICD
Associate Professor
University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
World Editor, International, College of Dentists
Reviewers
Petr Bartak, Prague, Czech Republic
Cristian Niky Cumpătă, Bucharest, Romania
Andrezza Lauria de Moura, São Paulo, Brazil
Nikolay Ishkitiev, Sofia, Bulgaria
Barbara Janssens, Gent, Belgium
John Kois, Seattle, WA, USA
Cinel Maliţa, Bucharest, Romania
Enrico Manca, Cagliari, Italy
Vlademir Margvelashvili, Tbilisi, Georgia
Costin Marinescu, München, Germany
Marina Meleșcanu-Imre, Bucharest, Romania
Joel Motta Junior, Manaus, AM, Brazil
Hazem Mourad, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
Nikola Petricevic, Zagreb, Croatia
Cristina Teodora Preoteasa, Bucharest, Romania
Robert Sabiniu Şerban, Bucharest, Romania
Elina Teodorescu, Bucharest, Romania
Mei-Qing Wang, Xi’an, China
Maciej Zarow, Krakow, Poland
English Language Editor-in-Chief
Roxana-Cristina Petcu, Phil, PhD
Professor, Faculty of Foreign Languages
University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
English Language Editors
Valeria Clucerescu, Biol.
Niculina Smaranda Ion, Phil.
Honorary Statistical Advisers
Radu Burlacu, PhD, Bucharest, Romania
Ioan Opriș, PhD, Associate Scientist, Miami, USA
Book Reviewers
Iulia Ciolachi, DMD, Bucharest, Romania
Florin-Eugen Constantinescu, DMD, PhD Student
Bucharest, Romania
Project Editor
Irina-Adriana Beuran, DMD, PhD
Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila”
University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest
Bucharest, Romania