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QUANTIFICATION OF DENTAL MOVEMENTS IN ORTHODONTIC FOLLOW-UP: A NOVEL APPROACH BASED ON REGISTRATION OF 3D MODELS OF DENTAL CASTS Daniele Maria Gibelli 1a* , Valentina Pucciarelli 1b , Luca Pisoni 1c , Francesca M.E. Rusconi 1d , Gianluca Martino Tartaglia 1e , Chiarella Sforza 1f LAFAS, Laboratorio di Anatomia Funzionale dell’Apparato Stomatognatico Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy 1 MD, PhD BSc c DDS, PhD d MD e DDS, PhD f MD, Head a b Received: February 28, 2017 Revised: March 21, 2017 Accepted: April 02, 2017 Published: April 03, 2017 Academic Editor: Mariana Păcurar, DDS, PhD, Professor and Head, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mureș, Romania ORTHODONTICS Cite this article: Cite this article: Gibelli DM, Pucciarelli V, Pisoni L, Rusconi MEF, Tartaglia GM, Sforza C. Quantification of dental movements in orthodontic follow-up: a novel approach based on registration of 3D models of dental casts. Stoma Edu J. 2017;4(1):55-61. Abstract Introduction: The assessment of dental displacement achieved by orthodontic procedures is important as it allows operators to verify their clinical treatment and provide adequate adjustments. Modern 3D image acquisition and elaboration systems may represent a valid method for the three-dimensional assessment of dental movement. A novel protocol for the 3D assessment of success of orthodontic therapy is proposed, based on registration of surfaces. Methdology: Pairs of casts of the upper dental arch, taken at two different time periods during the therapy, were chosen for three patients who underwent an orthodontic treatment. Dental casts were scanned by a 3D laser scanner: for each patient, the two 3D models were then registered according to the least distance at the area including palatal rugae. The chromatic map of changes within the dental arch and the RMS (Root Mean Square) point-to-point distance between the dental profiles from the two models were obtained, and compared with the same data from a control group including five adult individuals who did not undergo orthodontic therapy. Inter- and intra-observer errors were evaluated as well. Results: The novel procedure proved to be repeatable and gave a detailed description of those dental areas most affected by orthodontic therapy: RMS values seem to be related with the weight of dental modifications and are far higher than the same parameters computed in the control group. Conclusion: Further studies are needed in order to explore the possible correlation of RMS value with clinical parameters linked to the improvement of dental function and aesthetics due to orthodontic therapy. Keywords: orthodontics, dental anatomy, laser scanner, RMS (root mean square). 1. Introduction Orthodontics represents one of the most sensitive fields of research in dentistry, where the technological developments and treatment modalities are constantly applied in order to ameliorate anatomical and functional characteristics of the dental and facial profile. 1 During the past century orthodontic techniques have been developed in order to obtain more controlled and faster movement of dental elements: the main tasks are the improvement of dental occlusion and function, anatomical stability and facial aesthetics. 1 However, an important issue concerns the assessment of *Corresponding author: Dr. Daniele Maria Gibelli, MD, PhD, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, I-20133, Milano, Italy Tel: +39-02-50315399, Fax: +39-02-50315724, e-mail: [email protected] Stomatology Edu Journal 55