STANSW Science Matters - Quarterly Newsletter (2018) STANSW Science Matters - Issue #3 (August) | Page 5

Science Teachers’ Assocation of NSW inc 2018–19 Calendar MONDAY TUESDAY Australian Citizenship Day WEDNESDAY Leadership in Science , Kirrawee High School 17 18 Family and Community Day (ACT) THURSDAY FRIDAY 1888 birth of David Marine, US pathologist, whose substantial research on the treatment of goitre with iodine led to the iodising of table salt. 1819 birth of Foucault, French physicist, whose pendulum experiment, 5 Jan 1851, proved that the Earth rotates on its axis. 19 20 Labour Day 1908, Ford’s Model T, first car made on an assembly line, was offered at US$825 and quickly became the largest seller in the US. True mass production of cars had begun . 1 25 8 9 1987, Paul Holc became the youngest person in the world known to have an organ transplant of any kind, when he received a new heart at just three hours old. He survived to be an adult. 22 27 3 1731 birth of Henry Cavendish, English scientist who determined mass and density of the Earth, showed water is a compound, measured specific heat of various substances and studied electrostatics. 28 22 1839 death of Friedrich Mohs, German mineralogist, devised Mohs scale to compare mineral hardness; based on ten common minerals ranked by which can scratch another. 29 5 17 National Kangaroo Awareness Day 23 24 30 18 12 19 1972 death of Igor Ivan Sikorsky, Russian-born U.S. pioneer in aircraft design, best known for his successful development of the helicopter. 25 7 1884, Greenwich was adopted as the universal meridian. An international meeting decided that all longitude would be calculated both east and west from this meridian up to 180°. 1995, Americans Mario Molina and Sherwood Rowland, and Dutch scientist Paul Crutzen won a Nobel Prize for their work warning that CFCs are eroding Earth’s ozone layer. 11 6 13 26 14 1824, Joseph Aspdin, a stone mason in Yorkshire, patented Portland cement, made by burning finely pulverized lime and clay in kilns at high temperatures. 2004 death of Lewis Urry, Canadian-American chemical engineer who invented the alkaline battery, then lithium batteries. An estima ted 80% of dry cell batteries now sold in the world are alkaline. 16 23 1846, dentist Dr. William Morton used an experimental anesthetic, ether, for the first time on a patient in Boston for tooth extraction. 1956 death of Clarence Birdseye, American naturalist and inventor of deep freezing for food. On his Arctic field trips, he observed that quick freezing of fish stopped large crystals forming and damaging cells. 4 10 1921 death of John Dunlop, Scottish inventor, who in 1887 pioneered the pneumatic tyre. His 9yo son complained of the rough tricycle ride over cobbled streets. 20 1873, US farmer Joseph Glidden applied to patent barbed wire. 1891, Philip Downing, got a US patent for improvements to the street mailbox to protect it from thieves and weather. Today, it is relatively unchanged. 21 1955 birth of Bill Gates, US business man, who dropped out of Harvard University and co- founded Microsoft. 27 YS Presentation Ceremony 1998, US astronaut John Glenn at age 77, was launched into space aboard Space Shuttle Discovery. In 1962, he had made history as the first American to orbit the Earth. 29 21 1957, the Soviet Union won the space race against the US, when they launched Sputnik, the first man-made satellite, into orbit around the earth. 2 1940 birth of Peter Doherty, Australian scientist who shared a 1996 Nobel Prize for work on how T-lymphocytes, recognise virus-infected cells from healthy cells. 15 26 1836, Charles Darwin returned from his voyage on the HMS Beagle to the Pacific and beyond. It would be 23 years before he published Origin of Species. 1938, in New York the radio altimeter was first demonstrated. The device gave pilots the altitude of an aircraft by reflection of radio signals from the ground, thus changing aviation forever. National Nut Day 2002 death of Nils Bohlin, Swedish engineer who invented the 3-point lap and shoulder seatbelt, one of the most important innovations in automobile safety. SUNDAY International Day of Peace 1969, the Murchison meteorite landed in Australia. 100-kg of it has been recovered and 92 different amino acids identified within it, only 19 of which are found on Earth. YS ISEF/Broadcom Panel 24 SATURDAY 30 1992, after a 13yr inquiry, the Vatican admitted its error of 359 years ago in condemning Galileo of heresy for his scientific beliefs, such as the Earth revolves around the sun. 31 — 5 — Science dates compiled by Sue Siwinski 28