STANSW Science Matters - Quarterly Newsletter (2018) STANSW Science Matters - Issue #3 (August) | Page 2

TO Excel Get the Results You Want! NEW in 2018–Excel Year 11 Science Study Guides for the New Syllabus ! *Text 1* Introducing NEW Excel Year 11 Science Study Guides! You can have complete confidence in your teaching resources containing content that is aligned to current syllabus outcomes with our newly published Excel Year 11 Study Guides. Written specifically for the in new Year 11 syllabus, these with full-colour Science Study Guides Guides, for Enjoy complete confidence your teaching resources our Excel Year 11 Study Biology, to Chemistry and Physics are a must-have photocopiable your and aligned current syllabus outcomes. Written specifically for resource the new for Year 11 classroom syllabus, these . *Text 2* full-colour Science Study Guides students for Biology, Chemistry and Physics are a must-have photocopiable resource for your classroom. Biology pte r 1 MODULE 1 CELLS AS THE BASIS OF LIFE C E LL R E TU STR U C ANSWERS Objective-response questions Key QUESTIONS What can we say about the current in the wire in each experiment? A Th e current is towards the north in Y and X and towards the south in Z. B The current is towards the south in X and towards the north in Y and Z. C The current in Y is greater than the current in X. D The current in X is greater than the current in Y. (1 mark each) Which of the following statements best explains why a steel nail is attracted to a magnet? Th e electrons in iron have a magnetic moment. B Iron is a ferromagnetic material because it has magnetic domains due to paired, opposite-spin electrons. C The magnetic domains in iron align to oppose an applied magnetic fi eld. D Th e magnetic domains in iron align with an applied magnetic fi eld, making the iron magnetic. A • Some cells have outer projections that move (e�g� cilia and flagella), while others can change shape� • Some cells (e�g� root hair cells) have long thin extensions� What distinguishes one cell from another? Cells are the basis for all life. They and their products make up all organisms and are the means by which organisms survive, grow, repair and reproduce. The obvious diversity of life on Earth can be partly attributed to the diversity of cells and their differing structures and functions. YEAR 11 EXAM-TYPE QUESTIONS 1 : I N Q U I R Y Q U E STI O N structure: the parts, composition and arrangements of cells function: the way a thing works, or its role cellular membrane: boundary layer around a cell that controls the entry and exit of materials from the cell and thereby protects the cell within its environment; called the plasma, cytoplasmic or cell membrane 2 1 Different cellular structures r Y r r Colpidium Cellular structures, including prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Figure 13.20 Two parallel current-carrying wires separated by a distance 2r Î Î Cells are: • the basic structural and functional units of life that make up all organisms • the product of pre-existing cells dividing • separated from their environment by a cellular membrane • diverse, despite having some common structures� Th e magnetic fi elds cancel out and hence the net fi eld is zero. The fields add and hence the fi eld between the wires is 2B. C Th e fi eld is more than 2B. D Th e fi eld is greater than zero but less than 2B. A Vascular cells B Amoeba Bone cell 3 Root hair cells Î Î Cells vary in size, shape, composition, function and mobility� Unicellular organisms carry out all of the processes needed to support life� Cells that are part of a multicellular (many-celled, complex) organism may carry out a specialised role and rely on other cells working together to provide some of their needs and remove their wastes� Paramecium In three separate experiments a compass was placed above a north–south-directed wire and different currents were passed through the wire. The direction the compass pointed when current was passed through the wire in each experiment is shown in Figure 13.21. N Nerve cell 1 homogeneous: glucose solution, methylated spirits, kerosene heterogeneous: urban air, muddy water, granite rock 2 distillation (Water’s boiling point is much less than the boiling points of salts in the ocean water.) 3 separating funnel (Cooking oil and water are immiscible.) Key questions  p. 7 5 %Fe = 5 m(C) = 6 m(magnesium oxide) = 29.674 – 28.540 = 1.134 g – 92.26 × 20.0 = 18.45 g 100 m(H) = 7.74 × 20.0 = 1.55 g 100 8 Elements are pure substances that cannot be separated into anything simpler using chemical separation techniques. 9 a d 10 strontium: Group 2 tin: Group 14 nickel: Group 10 selenium: Group 16 Which of the following graphs in Figure 13.23 best shows the magnetic field strength (B) as a function of distance (r) from a long straight wire? 11 rubidium: Period 5 mercury: Period 6 12 Lanthanoid series: a subsection of the transition metals in Period 6 containing natural rare-earth metals Actinoid series: a subsection of the transition metals in Period 7 containing n atural and synthetic radioactive metals 13 0 r C B 0 D 6 r 7 sodium oxide b calcium carbonate c iron (II) sulfate aluminium phosphate separating funnel cyclohexane solution (orange) ring clamp water (colourless or very pale yellow) Figure A1.1 Separating funnel experiment EM In the distillation of a homogeneous liquid mixture, the separation depends on the boiling points and not the melting points. Fractional distillation would lead to greater separation of the components. Decane will distil fi rst as it has the lowest boiling point.  Th e boiling points are quite far apart so the separation process will be fairly complete.  gallium: Period 4 Group 1 are metals that are very soft solids and highly reactive. Group 18 are gaseous non-metallic elements that are highly unreactive. Year 11 exam-type questions Objective-response questions B EM Diagrams should be drawn with a pencil and ruler with labels for the main components. Students should use the density data to show that the cyclohexane floats on the water.  correct apparatus drawn;  correct labelling;  cyclohexane layer fl oats on top of water Key questions  p. 9 B 2.35 100 C . Mass Cu = 17.35 – 15.00 = 2.35 g. %Cu = × = 47%. 5.00 1 A, B and D are incorrect as the mass of Cu is 2.35 g. Extended-response questions Key questions  p. 8 Organic compounds are carbon based and produced by living things. Inorganic compounds form the non-living components of the world. B A . Metals are lustrous and ductile; non-metals have low melting points and many are gaseous. B is incorrect as P is a lustrous metal. C is incorrect as Q is ductile and therefore a metal. D is incorrect as P is a lustrous metal. %O = 100 – 60.32 = 39.68% 7 B 4 %O = 100 – 70.0 = 30.0% Which of the following options best describes what will happen when the switch is closed? A Th e solenoid will produce a magnetic fi eld that will repel the magnet. B The solenoid will produce a magnetic fi eld within the solenoid but the magnet will not be aff ected by the fi eld. C The solenoid will produce a magnetic fi eld that will attract the magnet until it reaches the solenoid. D Th e magnet will be drawn into the solenoid and oscillate briefl y before coming to rest. A A . Cobalt is a transition metal and malleable whereas iodine is a solid non-metal and therefore brittle. B is incorrect as iodine is a poor heat conductor since it is a non-metal. C is incorrect as cobalt is a metal and iodine is a non-metal. D is incorrect as cobalt and iodine are moderately reactive. 5 3.50 100 × = 70.0% 5.00 1 4 0.684 100 × = 60.32% %Mg = 1.134 1 Figure 13.22 Magnet placed near a solenoid I X Muscle cell A magnet is placed near a solenoid, as shown in Figure 13.22. 3 Key questions  p. 6 N wire Q I Leaf cells 4 Two parallel wires P and Q are separated by a distance 2r and carry equal current in opposite directions, as shown in Figure 13.20. The net magnetic field at a distance r to the right of wire Q at position Y is B Tesla. Which of the following statements best describes the magnetic field midway between the wires at the point marked X? wire P ›› Students investigate different cellular structures, including but not limited to examining a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and describing a range of technologies that are used to determine a cell’s structure and function. Chemistry Cha Physics 8 EM Diagram A shows forces pulling the metal into a thinner wire whereas diagram B shows the metal being rolled into a thin sheet. 9 EM Students should remember that chalk is insoluble in water and will form the residue when filtered. The mass of dried chalk can be found by subtracting the mass of the filter paper from the total mass. The percentage of chalk is determined as a percentage by determining the ratio of the chalk mass to the total mass and then expressing that fraction as a percentage. All calculation steps should be shown. A = ductility  B = malleability  a b chalk  mass of dry chalk residue = 14.630 – 0.550 = 14.08 g  14.08 % chalk = × 100 = 23.47%  60.00 Free-to-downoad samples from this range are available at www.pascalpress.com.au/free-secondary-resources Î Î When you observe the basic diagrams of some different cells in Figure 1�1 you might notice some of the differences listed below� • The nerve cell, consisting of dendrites, cell body and axons, can be over one metre in length� • The mature red blood cells do not have a nucleus� • Muscle cells have many nuclei� 4 1 Euglena blood Figure 1.1 Diagrams of different Red cells (not cells shown to scale) Î Î Cells may have different structural features, including: • a nucleus • ribosomes • a cell wall • membrane-enclosed organelles� S X SYLLABUS DOT POINTS YEAR 11 BIOLOGY Book 1.indb 4 0 13/10/17 7:50 am Y Z r 0 2 Figure 12.23 Magnetic field strengths Figure 13.21 Three experiments conducted with a compass above a wire when diff erent currents flowed in the wire EXAM-TYPE QUESTIONS *Text 3 below* CHAPTER 13: MAGNETISM Excel-Y11-Physics.indb 179 r D . Th e components of these mixtures exist in only one phase. A is incorrect as polluted air contains solid particles. B is incorrect as sand is a heterogeneous mixture of silica, crushed shells, organic matter and water. C is incorrect as muddy water is a suspension and limestone is a heterogeneous mixture of calcium carbonate and other solid impurities. 10 EM Students should realise that a greater mass of crystals will form D . Th ese liquids are miscible and have diff erent boiling points. A is incorrect as the mixture will pass through a fi lter since there are no solids present. B is incorrect as these substances are non-magnetic. C is incorrect as the liquids are not immiscible. 50 g of water remains aft er evaporation.  10 g of copper sulfate will dissolve in 50 g of water at 20 °C.  Th erefore 50 – 10 = 40 g of copper sulfate will crystallise.  % water = 100 – 23.5 = 76.53%  at 20 °C as only half the mass of water remains. Only 10 g of the copper (II) sulfate will dissolve in 50 g of water. Ensure all calculation steps are shown. DETAILED ANSWERS CHAPTER 1: PROPERTIES OF MATTER 179 1/02/2018 2:52 pm c Excel-Y11-Chemistry.indb 13 12/10/2017 9:43 am If you would like to purchase copies for your school or classroom at a special rate of 25% off, Yes, I would like the to purchase my school! please complete & return below form copies (invoice for sent with goods). Please complete and return the form below (invoice sent with goods). TITLE TITLE Excel Year 11 Biology Study Guide Excel Year 11 Biology Study Guide Excel Year 11 Chemistry Study Guide Excel Year 11 11 Physics Chemistry Study Guide Excel Year Study Guide 9781741256734 9781741256734 9781741256758 9781741256758 9781741256772 ISBN ISBN 1—4 RRP copies SPECIAL 5+ copies Excel Year 11 Physics Study Guide 9781741256772 $34.95 $26.21 $34.95 $34.95 $34.95 $34.95 $34.95 $26.21 $26.21 $26.21 $26.21 $26.21 QTY QTY Name: ____________________________________ Position: ___________________________________ Name: Position: School: ___________________________________ Address: ___________________________________ School: Suburb: __________________________________ Address: Postcode: _________________ State: ____________ Suburb: Postcode: State: Phone: ____________________ Email: ____________________________________ Order #: ______ Phone: Email: 13 Order # 4 EASY WAYS TO TO RETURN 3 EASY WAYS RETURN YOUR YOUR FORM: FORM: M: PO Box 250 Glebe NSW 2037 F: 02 8585 4001 E: [email protected] M: PO Box 250 Glebe NSW 2037 F: 02 8585 4001 E: [email protected] orders will will incur incur a a @4.95 $4.95 freight Offer is not available in conjunction with any other All All orders freight charge. charge. Offer is not available in conjunction with any offer. other offer. Prices at at any time. Offer ends ends 31 December 2018. 2018. Prices may may change change any time. Offer 31 December PP1194