Science Teachers ’ Assocation of NSW inc 2018 – 19 Calendar
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APRIL
EASTER MONDAY
1959 , NASA announced the selection of its first seven astronauts for project Mercury . Of these , Alan Shepard became the first in space in 1961 .
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1955 , polio vaccine tested a success by Dr . Jonas Salk .
1932 , after five years work , Prof C . Glen King , Uni of Pittsburgh , extracted crystalline Vit . C . from thousands of lemons . He later synthesised it , making an easy way to prevent scurvy .
1961 , Yuri Gagarin became the first man to orbit the Earth in the Russian spacecraft , Vostok 1 .
1928 birth of James Watson , US biochemist who shared a Nobel prize with Crick and Wilkins for the discovery of DNA ’ s molecular structure .
World Health Day 1923 , first operation to remove a brain tumour under local anesthetic ( cocaine on the patient ’ s scalp ) was performed at Beth Israel Hospital in NYC by a team of surgeons .
1964 death of Rachel Carson , US ecologist known for her writings , especially Silent Spring ( 1962 ). She viewed humans as one part of nature distinguished by their power to alter it .
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1923 , insulin became generally available for diabetics ’ use on this day . It was first discovered in 1922 .
APIL / MAY
1897 , at the Royal Institution in Britain , J . J . Thomson ( 1856-1940 ) first announced the existence of ‘ corpuscles ’ ( now named electrons ), the first elementary particle to be discovered .
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1946 birth of Georges Köhler , German immunologist , shared a 1984 Nobel prize for developing techniques to produce monoclonal antibodies ; boosting diagnosis and treatment of many immunologic diseases
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1990 , space shuttle Discovery was launched from Cape Canaveral , carrying the Hubble Space Telescope to be placed into orbit .
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May Day 1753 , Linnaeus listed systematic names for plants in his Species Plantarum ; extended to identify animals with dual Latin names in 1758 ; adopted in 1905 as basis for modern species names .
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1790 , the French National Assembly decided to create a decimal system of measurement units . The earliest metre unit was the length of a pendulum with a halfperiod of 1 second .
ANZAC DAY
1906 death of Pierre Curie who studied radioactive elements with his wife , Marie Curie . They discovered radium and polonium and inspired subsequent research in nuclear sciences .
1892 birth of George P . Thomson ( son of J . J . Thomson ); shared a 1937 Nobel Prize for demonstrating that electrons undergo diffraction , a behaviour used to determine atomic structure of solids and liquids .
1902 , Pierre and Marie Curie isolated one gram of radium , the first sample of this radioactive element . They had refined it from eight tons of pitchblende ore .
1791 birth of Samuel Morse US artist and inventor , famous for developing Morse Code ( 1838 ) and independently perfecting an electric telegraph ( 1832-35 ).
1910 death of E . van Beneden , Belgian cytologist ; determined that the chromosome number is constant for every body cell of a species . His theory of embryo formation in mammals became a standard scientific
1931 , the frozen body of Alfred Wegener was found in Greenland . He went missing Nov 1930 on his fourth expedition to study the ice cap . He produced an evidencebased hypothesis of continental drift .
Earth Day 1832 birth of Julius S . Morton , US founder of Arbor Day and strong supporter of forestation . On the first Arbor Day , 10 April 1872 , over 1 million trees were planted in Nebraska .
1937 , the hydrogen-filled dirigible The Hindenburg burned while landing at a naval air station in New Jersey . The cause is still debated but it ended this type of air transport .
MOTHERS ’ DAY
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The school theme for National Science Week in 2018 is ‘ Game Changers and Change Makers — 4 ’. — Almost by definition , inventors and scientists are change makers . This calendar presents a selection of people and events that have changed the way we live and extended our knowledge and understanding of the world .