4. Complementary therapies
Various complementary therapies are available, such as acupuncture, aromatherapy, reflexology, yoga, self-hypnosis and massage.
Pros
- Some studies show acupuncture is helpful
- Massage or pressure on the lower part of your back can help reduce levels of stress and ease discomfort
- You can learn self-hypnosis techniques for labour by attending a course or using CDs; you don’t have to have a hypnotherapist with you in labour
Cons
- There is little research proving the effectiveness of these treatments though lots of women say that they found these techniques useful
- Apart from massage and self-hypnosis, you will need a registered practitioner to perform the therapies
3. A TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) machine
A TENS machine in labour transmits mild electrical impulses to pads on your back. These block pain signals and help your body to produce endorphins.
Pros
- You can keep moving and it won't directly interfere with your labour
- You can use it for as long as you want
- There are no lasting side-effects for you or your baby
- It doesn't need an anaesthetist, doctor or midwife
- It can be used at a home birth and in hospital
Cons
- You’ll probably need someone to help you to position the pads
- It may only help in the early stages of labour
- It may have to be removed if your baby's heart has to be monitored electronically
- You can use TENS before you get into water, but not when you’re in the water
- It might make it more difficult for your birth partner to massage your back
- The clinical evidence in support of TENS is lacking though many women say that it helped them
Pregnancy & Birth
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5. Gas and air (Entonox)
Gas and air (Entonox) is a colourless, odourless gas made up of half nitrous oxide and half oxygen. You'll probably be given gas and air through a mouthpiece and told how to breathe it in.
Pros
- You can control it and the effects wear off very quickly once you stop inhaling
- It’s fast-acting (taking effect after 20 to 30 seconds)
- Your baby doesn't require extra monitoring while you're using it
- You can use it in a birthing pool
- It should be available wherever you give birth, including birth centres and at home