SPARK Winter 2017-2018 | Page 12

Clearwell Caves was formed when water passed through a kind of rock called limestone and then turned into an underground river. Iron ore was found on the ground above and miners later searched for it beneath. As you can see from the photo, if you look carefully there are some areas where a beautiful red colour can be found. When the miner digs it out and cleans it up, he can make ochre. What’s more there are yellow, brown and purple shades too! Miners had to be fit, as the iron was heavy. Amazingly, some children worked in Clearwell Caves because they could get through narrow gaps. Torches weren’t invented then so everyone had to use a candle to see. To go deeper into the mines you had to climb down ladders. The ladders in this picture are narrow, so they look quite scary! The bottom one is made from chains, and is more than 150 years old. 12 SPARK