SotA Anthology 2015-16 | Page 17

MUSI242 Above: the original rhythm. Below: the new, syncopated rhythm thirds (changed from the original melody of Isn’t She Lovely to incorporate more musical features of tango). for example, La Cumparsita. The bass also comes in quite early on, implementing the traditionaI habafiera rhythm to underpin this tango feel. This bassline, the most common in the genre and possibly the most universally known, is very similar to that of Bizet’s Habafiera. After the minor sections, the piece then moves to a major section.Tango makes keen use of the major and minor change to further emphasise the sadness/longing in the minor sections. One obvious example of this is in Bizet’s Habafiera. While the similar bass line (changing of the third note in the sequence) ties the two sections together, the sections have very similar features; the melodica steps are small intervals, the rhythm parts stay the same, the timbre is the same, the harmony stays between the major tonic and the major subdominant, giving simply chord structure. This is all just a form of tension and release to emphasise the tension in the minor sections. The move back to the minor section gives both release (in the move back to the more recognisable key) and tension (inherent in minor tonics and minor dominants). The claps then join in with a similar rhythm, with louder claps on 1, 2+ and 4. This slips up each bar into 3, 3 and two. This is a traditional tango rhythm that can be heard in most tango pieces, for example in Caminita. This fast-paced rhythm makes tango aggressively passionate and also shows just one of tango’s uses of syncopation. Syncopated rhythms can be heard in every part of tango, mainly in the melody instrument but also in little fills and ornamented runs in the bandoneon, fiddle and bass. This syncopation allows tango to feel much more complicated than its 4/4 time signature, and lends itself to complex forms of dance. The original rhythm of the melody line puts most of its emphasis on the beat and the melody flows around that, but this version puts accent on the offbeat to accentuate the syncop ation. The piece starts with a free-time section, using lots of rubato, played on the guitar. This mimics the free-time sections often heard in traditional and contemporary tango, such as in El Dia que Me Quieras. The fluidity of time in some sections gives tango room to convey intense emotion and passion. The sudden move to a solid and structured tempo established the tango setting. Valentinuzzi says that tango without the bandoneon as ‘its unique first actor... is not conceivable’ (2015). In an attempt to mimic the bandoneon (on account of it not being a very commonly owned instrument) this piece uses a melodica. The melodica uses reeds and air pressure in a similar way to the bandoneon (minus the bellows) to create a similarly full, vibrating sound. By creating two separate tracks, one for chords and one for melody, it creates the sound of the two sides/hands of the bandoneon. This two-track approach gives the piece the desired full texture and rich timbre. Gonzalez describes the music as ‘dramatic, fast, punctuated by sudden accent and shrilI curls of violin and bandoneon’ (2013). The melodica and guitar both play strong chords on each beat of the bar, with an anacrusis to the next bar to emphasis beat four (another recognisable attribute of tango), giving it a powerful driving rhythm. This is seen in almost every tango song 17