Sky's Up January-February 2018 | Page 44

women in astronomy COURTESY In the 1960s, astronomer Vera Rubin secured her well-deserved spot in the annals of astronomy when she and her collaborator Kent Ford began an in-depth study of how stars orbit their galactic centers. Through this research, they stunned the astronomy community by discovering observable evidence for the potential existence of dark matter — a controversial concept first proposed in the 1930s. Rubin began forging her career path when she graduated as the lone astronomy major in Vassar College’s class of 1948. When Princeton rebuffed her interest in their astrophysics graduate program because the program did not admit women, she headed to Cornell University for her master’s and then on to Georgetown University where she earned her Ph.D. in 1954. It was not only her inspiring science that made Rubin an icon in astronomy. She also was a fierce advocate for women in science. In 1965, Rubin, who had just begun her decades-long career with the Carnegie Institute, applied for telescope time at Palomar Observatory and faced opposition. When she was given the excuse that there were no facilities for women on the mountain, she cut a triangle shape out of a piece of paper, taped it onto the male figure on the bathroom door and proceeded to become the first woman allowed to observe at the legendary observatory. Rubin had earned a host of accolades, including the 1993 National Medal of Science — the nation’s highest scientific honor. However, one achievement that she was most proud of was that all four of her children went on to earn their own doctorate degrees. 44 have their own reporting mechanisms. These early initiatives are not perfect, but they are a start.

The community has begun to implement changes addressing all four of these recommendations, which will hopeful impact real change, but to me, the most critical is that leadership needs to realize their role in providing real and lasting change. What advice do you have for young women entering a STEM field today? Are there particular organizations/ support networks you would recommend that they participate in? Know that you have allies, advocates, and mentors and you’re not alone as you go through your career. And know that you’re a total badass who has earned the ‘privilege’ to be a part of this amazing community that is working to understand how all this works and came about (this being the whole Universe, or just one planet, or just one species, or whatever thing in STEM motivates you). That privilege should have nothing to do with your race, gender, ability status, partners, whether you do or don’t want children… the only thing that should matter is your science. Know that there are people like me trying to use our privilege and power in this community to make that so for you. My grandfather said it best: “It’s going to be fun watching you prove them wrong.” Within my fields, I highly recommend the Women in Astronomy blog, the Astronomy in Color blog, the Access: Astronomy blog, and the Women in Planetary Science blog. I also love the Vanguard Women in STEM series and all the amazing STEM folks on social media. How did you become interested in astronomy? Who are some of your female role models (contemporary or historic) in the field? I am a proud Appalachian from a small town where folks don’t necessarily wake up saying ‘today I’m going to become an astrophysicist.’ And I wasn’t the ‘smart one’ in my family: that designation was given to my older sist