Silver and Gold Magazine Summer 2015 | Page 20

WELL-BEING Pesticides and bees Biologists have found more than 150 different chemical residues in bee pollen, a deadly “pesticide cocktail” according to University of California apiculturist Eric Mussen. The chemical companies Bayer, Syngenta, BASF, Dow, DuPont, and Monsanto shrug their shoulders at the systemic complexity, as if the mystery were too complicated. They advocate no change in pesticide policy. After all, selling poisons to the world’s farmers is profitable. – Ontario Beekeepers’ Association Critics emphasize that other factors — including climate change, habitat loss and disease — affect pollinator health. But these factors are not entirely independent; for example, chronic exposure to neonics may increase vulnerability to disease. A comprehensive pollinator health action plan should address all these factors, and scaling back the use of neonics is a good place to start. Apart from the immediate and lethal effects on bees, neonics represent a more subtle threat to a wide range of species. The 2014 Worldwide Integrated Assessment of the Impacts of Systemic Pesticides, the most comprehensive review of the scientific literature on neonics, pointed to effects on smell and memory, reproduction, feeding behaviour, flight and ability to fight disease. Jean‐Marc Bonmatin, one of the lead authors, summarized the conclusions: “The evidence is very clear. We are witnessing a threat to the productivity of our natural and farmed environment equivalent to that posed by organophosphates or DDT. Far from protecting food production the use of neonics is threatening the very infrastructure which enables it, imperilling the pollinators, habitat engineers and natural pest controllers at the heart of a functioning ecosystem.” HOW YOU CAN HELP SAVE THE BEE • Rethink your lawn. Replace part (or all) of your lawn grass with flowering plants, which provide food and habitat for bees and other wildlife. • Plant native flowers. • Select single flower tops, such as daisies and marigolds, which produce much more nectar, rather than showy double flower tops such as impatiens. 20 Check out our new website! www.silvergoldmagazine.ca Is there some uncertainty involved in calculating these risks? Absolutely. Uncertainty is at the heart of scientific inquiry. The precautionary principle requires that where there is threat of serious or irreversible harm to human health or the environment, the absence of complete scientific certainty or consensus must not be used as an excuse to delay action. In the case of neonics, the weight of evidence clearly supports precautionary action to reduce — or even eliminate — them. Ontario’s proposal to restrict the use of neonic-treated corn and soybean seed, starting next year, is far from radical. The idea is to move away from routinely planting neonic-treated seeds and use neonics only in situations where crops are highly vulnerable to targeted pests. The government expects this will reduce the uses of neonic-treated corn and soybean seed by 80 per cent by 2017. It’s no surprise that the pesticide industry and its associates oppose even this modest proposal and are running expensive PR campaigns to obscure the evidence of harm. The industry’s objection to restrictions on neonics is eerily similar to bigbudget advertising campaigns to create a smokescreen thick enough to delay regulatory responses to the obvious harm caused by cigarettes. Let’s hope today’s decision-makers have a better grasp of the precautionary principle and a stronger commitment to protecting the public good, because bees really do matter. • Dr. David Suzuki is a scientist, broadcaster, author and co-founder of the David Suzuki Foundation.  Written with contributions from David Suzuki Foundation Ontario and Northern Canada Director – General Faisal Moola. Learn more at www.davidsuzuki.org. Website for Ontario’s proposal to restrict use of neonicotinoid insecticides: news.ontario.ca/ene/en/2014/11/reducing-pesticide-use-andprotecting-pollinator-health.html • Only use natural pesticides and fertilizers – ladybugs, spiders and praying mantises will naturally keep pest populations in check! • Create a bee bath. Fill a shallow container of water with pebbles or twigs for the bees to land on while drinking. • Live in a home without a garden? Even a window container can create an inviting oasis for bees! • Bee-friend the Honeybee Conservancy on Facebook, at: facebook.com/honeybeeconservancy