seatec - Finnish marine technology review 1/2019 | Page 22

the form of alternative fuels and the drive for greener shipping. With numerous competing concepts and technologies, who’s to say which method will become main stream and which will remain in the fringes? T he IMO decision to limit the sulphur content of ship fuel from 1 January 2020 to 0.5 % worldwide – as well as the recently adopted resolution to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 50  % by 2050 – will change the future mix of ship fuels dramatically. As it stands, in 2016, the combined amount of heavy fuel oil (HFO) and marine gas oil (MGO) con- sumed by ships accounted for no more than 25 % of total global diesel fuel and petrol production. This is roughly equiva- lent to the amount of energy consumed using liquefied natural gas (LNG), which stands at 24 %; however, LNG represents only a small portion (approximately 10 %) of the overall gas market. DNV  GL is addressing these issues in a new white paper ‘Alternative fuels and technologies for greener shipping’. Assuming an installed base of about 4,000 scrubbers in 2020, no more than 11 % of ship fuel usage will be high-sulphur fuel, DNV GL calculates. Latest estimates assume that no more than 2,000 scrubber installations will be carried out between now and 2020. This raises the question whether high-sulphur fuel will even be available outside the largest bunkering ports, if only 4,000 or even fewer ships will be able to use it. The next question is what the price differential between HFO and compliant fuels will be. 22 seatec 1/2019 Maritime is facing a puzzle in