Oorsig/Review
T. pyogenes is a different matter altogether. There
is only the OBP vaccine, which is a helpful vaccine,
but is one of the less effective vaccines. It is also
time-consuming and difficult to give, as the initial
vaccination consists of 3 injections, 10 days
apart, and thereafter, every 6 months. Hygiene
and effective treatment of all abscesses definitely
have to be done at the same time. Keeping the
flock [or herd] as young as possible is also helpful,
as that cuts out the older animals that are more
likely to be carriers. The third common cause of
abscesses in sheep, is Actinobacillus lignieresii,
which usually causes abscesses of the head and
neck. There is no vaccine for A. lignieresii. Culture
of a few different abscesses from a few sheep in
the flock is the only way to distinguish between
the three.
DM – 11 Feb 2018
During my Time with “Pfizer” I contacted OBP in
connection with their Corynebacterium vaccine
and said that by not keeping up with “name
changes”, they were creating confusion – the
answer I got was that they had a storage room
full of package inserts which had to be used up
before they could rectify the label. Well, that was
around 2005 – so that must have been one hell of
a storage room! The name changed in the early
1990’s. You can see all the “recent” changes to the
different bacteria in the front section of the IDR
under “Revised nomenclature”… I wonder how
many of you actually read all the interesting and
helpful information in the IDR?
JvN – 11 Feb 2018
What's the IDR ? In most cases it is much better
to ask a question on this forum and get well
informed answers from folk like Maryke , Moritz
and many others .
DR – 11 Feb 2018
IVS = Index for Veterinary Specialities. IDR = IVS
Desk Reference
MvV – 11 Feb 2018
Colleagues, in my opinion the IVS Desk Reference
(IDR) (referred to above) is a valuable asset in
your armamentarium of resources to practice
evidence-based medicine. Chris Carrington is the
editor and an updated version is published every
two years. You can enquire about purchasing it at
the IDR Subscription Dept. at 011 280 5856.
Tick-borne Protozoan and Rickettsial diseases of sheep
and goats in South Africa
Anaplasma ovis has been known and identified here for decades, but because it is
seldom recognised as a clinical disease, it often goes undiagnosed and thus also
unreported. It sometimes causes mild icterus in lambs and this is only picked
up at slaughter in otherwise perfect carcasses. May be related to stress prior to
slaughter?
DO – 22 November 2017
Dear Ruralvets. The new research study below
shows that there is Anaplasma ovis infection in
South Africa – I was not aware of that.
Parasitology International. 2017 Nov 15.
Molecular analysis of tick-borne protozoan and
rickettsial pathogens in small ruminants from
two South African provinces.
Ringo AE1, Moumouni PFA1, Taioe M2,
Jirapattharasate C3, Liu M1, Wang G1, Gao Y1,
Guo H1, Lee SH1, Zheng W4, Efstratiou A1, Li J1,
Inoue N1, Suzuki H1, Thekisoe O2, Xuan X5.
Abstract
Tick-borne protozoan and rickettsial diseases
are a major threat to livestock in tropical and
sub-tropical regions of Africa. In this study
12
we investigated the presence and distribution
of Theileria spp., Babesia ovis, Anaplasma
ovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia
ruminantium and SFG Rickettsia in sheep and goats
from Free State and KwaZulu-Natal provinces
(South Africa). A total of 91 blood samples were
screened in this study, 61 from goats and 30 from
sheep. PCR assay was conducted using primers
based on Theileria spp. 18S rRNA, Babesia ovis
(BoSSU rRNA),
Anaplasma
ovis
(AoMSP4),
Anaplasma
phagocytophilum epank1, Ehrlichia ruminantium
pCS20 and SFG Rickettsia OmpA. Overall infection
rates of Theileria spp., Anaplasma ovis and
Ehrlichia ruminantium were 18 (19.8%), 33
(36.3%) and 13 (14.3%), respectively. The co-
infection of two pathogens were detected in 17/91