Volume 22 • Issue 01 • 2018
biomass diversity, rainfall, soil type and grazing
strategies. Pastures nutritional values depend on
species, fertilizer applied, water availability and
grazing intensity. Estimated values are available
from publications or samples can be sent away
for nutritional profiles.
Grain and legumes crops can either be used
as grazing or made into silage. Yield and
nutritional values depend on species, stage
when grazed or ensilaged, grazing strategies
e.g. strip grazing, as well as water and fertilizer
applied. Crop residues are easy to evaluate and
crop yield is directly related to residue available.
Maize, soyabeans, dry beans, grain sorghum,
sunflowers and small grains e.g. wheat are the
most common in South Africa. Generally, yield is
equal to residues. Thus a maize crop of 6 tons =
6000kg of residues of which about 40% can be
utilised. Therefor 2 400kg.
The same can be applied to soyabeans and grain
sorghum. Sunflower stover can be used but less
residues are available, only 20%. Other small
grain stovers do not have much grazing value.
Cover crops are becoming an important feed
source and as with normal pastures, yield and
nutritional value will depend on species, rainfall
and fertilizer applied.
Number of grazing (feed) days can then be
calculated for each of these resources. After
this, time periods can be identified when feed is
limited and/or nutritional value is inadequate.
Supplementary feed needs can then be
determined or pastures/grazing strategies can
be adjusted to change av ailability or nutritional
value.
References
Feedipedia – animal feed resources information
system
VEGETATION CLASSIFICATION OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE CAMPUS,
BLOEMFONTEIN BY MABOEE NTHEJANE.
Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of
the degree MAGISTER SCIENTIAE (BOTANY) In
the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Department of Plant Science.
EVALUATION OF TECHNIQUES TO DETERMINE
THE PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF CULTIVATED
PASTURES by SUNET VERMEULEN Submitted
in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of MAGISTER SCIENTIAE In the Faculty of
Natural & Agricultural Sciences Department
of Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences
(Grassland Science) University of the Free State
Bloemfontein South Africa.
Research & Technology BULLETIN 2015/15
FORAGE CEREALS FOR DRYLAND PASTURE
PRODUCTION Sigrun Ammann & Derryn Nash
WINTER COVER CROPS FOR MAIZE SILAGE
PRODUCTION Alan Manson1 , James Arathoon2
, Cathy Stevens3 , Elise de Jager1 , Alistair Kent1
1Analytical Services; 2Agronomy; 3Biometry; All
Research & Technology Development, Cedara.
E-mail: [email protected]
Research & Technology BULLETIN 2015/14
VELD MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES Sheila
Househam
Beef Production: The Basics Crop Residues for
Animal Feeding. Department of Agricultural.
CROP RESIDUES FOR ANIMAL FEEDING
Crop Residues for Animal Feeding William
D Gertenbach Animal Science: Cedara
KwaZulu-Natal Department of Agriculture and
Environmental Affairs.
Underutilised resources as animal feedstuffs.
1983. National Academic Press
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