Oorsig/Review
synthesis – all these for the benefit of the rumen
microbial population and rumen microbial
protein yield.
It is here that timely movement of cattle to
new grazing camps – especially during the
growth season - becomes the most important
decision on a beef ranch. Move the large herd
to a new camp in the afternoon when starch
concentration in the plant is highest and pasture
intake rate (bites per minute) is expected to
be high. The ultimate challenge is to maximize
rumen microbial protein yield from pasture.
Continued on page20 References
CPD
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
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AC/1848/18
1. Beef cow-calf herd efficiency is most
accurately measured as:
Total weaning biomass per annum
Profit per Hectare per annum
Calving %
Weaning %
Weaning mass as a percentage of cow mass at
weaning
2. Healthy soils can be described as:
Soils with a high biomass of living organisms
Soils in which the Ethylene-Oxygen Cycle
functions efficiently – which ensures plant
root uptake of soil nutrients
Soils which are porous to make capillary water
uptake by plant roots possible
Soils with a high Glomalin concentration,
which is a measure of carbon availability for
the plant to make carbohydrates
All of the above
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
10
3. Passage rate of ingesta through the
rumen is determined PRIMARILY by:
Rate of dry matter intake by the cow
Non-structural carbohydrate concentration in
the rumen fluid
Number of cellulolytic bacteria that colonize
the fiber particles
Total crude protein concentration in the plant
foliage eaten
Volatile fatty acid production in the rumen
4. The PRIMARY reason for destocking, if
necessary, is the following:
To match the available DM on pasture at
the onset of the dormant season with the
number of Animal Units to be sustained
during the entire dormant season?
The pregnancy status of the cows determined
in Autumn
The body condition of the cow at the time of
pregnancy diagnosis
Cattle numbers must not exceed the set
carrying capacity of the farm – e.g. 10 Ha
per Animal Unit
Selling weaner calves off to the feedlot for
cash-flow