Re: Autumn 2015 | Page 46

Coffee FROM CROP TO CUP Whether you’re an ‘americano’, ‘skinny mocha’ a ‘flatwhite’ or a ‘single origin cortado’, your coffee bean has grown from a humble, pestilent North African shrub into the world’s second most valuable export by developing countries – oil being the first. The story of the coffee bean from its earliest discovery, to the vice of our modern addiction is as rich and dark as the liquid it creates. 44 Growing to an average height of around 3.5 meters, the genus of the plant named ‘Coffea arabica’ produces a bitter red/ purple fruit (aka ‘cherry’) within which is the double seed we lovingly know today as the coffee bean. From here however, it gets a bit fuzzy. him the stamina to dismount 40 warriors before going on to mount 40 women. Another ancient meme tells of the great King Solomon entering a town of plague ridden inhabitants on a mission to use coffee to heal the sick - again from the angel Gabriel. As with any research that predates the invention of the printing press, or modern literacy, there are a host of fantasies, fables and fiction which (while often making for better reading), offer elements of potential truths buffered by artistic fancy. For the first recorded Europeans, who delighted in the rich brew known as ‘kahway’, it was tales of multi-coloured coffee birds and plague ravaged princesses which were accredited to the brew. While in the Kingdom of Islam, bards sung of the prophet Mohammed receiving a cup of coffee from the angel Gabriel before a decisive battle, giving Of all of the legends behind coffee, none is more recited than that of the humble Highland herder Kaldi and his dancing goats. As a roving Ethiopian goat herder, Kaldi one day encountered his flock eating cherries from a mystery shrub, after which they all began to dance. Upon sampling of the cherry himself, Kaldi too felt compelled to join in and soon all were having a bit of a boogie. Believing he had found a fruit of utmost importance, Kaldi took samples to his local Abbot for analysis. After regaling him with the story of his dancing goats, the Abbot believed the fruit to be a product of the devil and in reaction, threw them upon the fire whence they came. However, the Abbot would himself be converted after smelling the richly roasted seed at the heart of the cherry, which he exclaimed must surely be of divine origin to produce such a rich aromatic flavour. The Abbot thereafter distributed an infusion of the bean to his monks as an expression of divinity and to assist in re maining awake during evening prayer. While there are many various versions of the tale of Kaldi and his gluttonous goats, the use of coffee for religious benefit lies accurately at the heart of this drink’s early discovery. The scientific history of coffee begins with human coprolite samples (fossilized poo) showing digestion of the Coffea cherry as