Popular Culture Review Vol. 26, No. 2, Summer 2015 | Page 24

Josh Bates & Kristin M. Barton soothe tension. Although neuroscientists do not yet have complete and ultimately satisfying answers for the mystery of the universal bond between humans and music, research has provided ample proof of the neurological and psychological effects of the brain’s interaction with music. Music engages not just one region of the brain, but almost every neural system and subsystem; the areas of activation can differ based upon the individual’s personal experiences and musical aptitude or instruction. During a series of profound operations, the mind processes music through functional segregation (Levitin), placing distinct musical elements across a neurological map in order to analyze and dissect the signals as they come together to form the representation that results in our comprehension of what has been heard. The varying degrees complicated reactions that interact with a variety of brain structures, including the subcortical structures (cochlear nuclei, the brain stem, the cerebellum), the auditory cortices, the hippocampus, the frontal lobe, and the Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas. Moving further into the mystery of experiential listening, the primitive structures of the cerebellar vermis and the amygdala are involved in the emotions that are felt when processing music (Levitin). Simon Frith says that labeling music as “bad” or “good” is rather pointless, unless for the sake of an argument, since preferences that result in these adjectives are mostly subjective. This is not to say that arguments are simply a matter of taste, but without knowing an individual’s musical inclinations or how she makes sense of her listening pleasures, it can be preferred music. Studies show that musical preferences are largely “sown in the womb” (Levitin 227), and an extended period of acculturation after birth allows time for an infant to absorb the musical culture in which she is born into. Of course, the human brain is constantly developing throughout infancy, so it can be expected that the evolution of an individual’