Popular Culture Review Vol. 26, No. 1, Winter 2015 | Page 130

united to demonstrate their disapproval of the US involvement in Vietnam. In 1965, the first advertisements such as “End Your Silence" and the flyer “Stop Escalation” were published and spread. The chapter “Creating Antiwar Art” demonstrates a radical change in the artists’ protest as they began to turn away from “extra-aesthetic" actions and “incorporate antiwar sentiment into works of art” (37). It resulted in the creation of such significant work as the Artists’ Tower o f Protest (or the Peace Tower) in 1966. The author also provides a vivid discussion of the key art movements in the USA at the time, namely formalism, pop art, and minimalism. To point out only some of the works that Israel examines here, it is worth mentioning Dan Flavin’s monument 4 those who have been killed in ambush (to P.K. who reminded me about death) (1966), Wally Hedrick’s Vietnam (1968), and Jeff Kramm’s May Lai (1970). The author broadens the scope of his analysis discussing “the most significant antiwar effort from the arts community” in 1967, i.e., Angry Arts Week (70). During that time, the artists were incorporating “direct evidence of casualties" (72) in their works and, as the book pinpoints, made napalm and rape the key themes. To illustrate his speculation Israel discusses Violet Ray’s Revlon Oh-Baby Face (1967), Jeff Schlanger and Artists’ Poster Committee Would you Bum A Child? (around 1968), a series of paintings by Leon Golub Napalm (1969), Peter Saul’s Saigon (1967) and Typical Saigon (1968). As a critique of the policy the US government adhered to in the years from 1968 to 1970, such works as James Rosenquist’s Daley Portrait (1968), Edward Kienholz’s The Portable War Memorial (1968), Duane Hanson’s War (Vietnam Scene) (1969), Artists’ Poster Committee of AWC: Frazier Dougherty, Jon Hendricks, and Irving Petlin’s Q. And babies? A. And babies (1970) were created as a desperate artistic scream to end the war in Vietnam. Israel also provides a brief overview of the artists’ reaction to Nixon’s decision to invade Cambodia followed by a very comprehensive analysis where he demonstrates the influence of the Vietnam era’s art on the modern war art, drawing parallels between the artworks created during the Vietnam conflict and the recent artworks that protest against the US invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq. As examples the author discusses a new version of the Peace Tower (2006), iRaq (Abu Ghraib Prisoner) created by Forkscrew Graphics in 2004 and Mark Wallinger’s installation State Britain. Matthew Israel’s Kill For Peace: American Artists Against the Vietnam War is a very ambitious project that in the length of a book manages to discuss the actions of artists who 126