Popular Culture Review Vol. 25, No. 1, Winter 2014 | Page 103

Popular Culture and National Identity 0 ^ 'W ' SPECIMEN I W(000 South African 10 rand 99 0* 000000 Reserve Bank of India 500 rupee While the aforementioned cultural heroes are associated specifically with nationalist movements, cultural figures are appearing more and more fi’equently on national currencies. A quick survey of persons appearing on global currency reveals an equal frequency of prominent doctors and scientists, suffragettes, writers (playwrights, poets, journalists), opera singers, composers, painters, and so forth. The Bank of England provides a range of examples: since 1970, the notes have featured portraits of British historical figures. While it is no surprise that Shakespeare was among the first “national” icons to appear, a more complete look at the D note series reveals a wider range of figures: Sir Isaac Newton, Florence Nightingale, Sir Christopher Wren, Charles Dickens, Elizabeth Fry, Charles Darwin, Adam Smith, and Winston Churchill are among them.'' The notes include quotes from the featured figure’s works, pictures of their homes, and other illustrations connected to their historical importance. The announcement of the reissue of Churchill notes (which will enter circulation in 2016) to replace Elizabeth Fry’s image — the only female currently represented on British currency — caused a bit of stir last year. British citizens and women’s groups lobbied to draw attention to the deficiency, and the Bank of England scrambled to supply another important historical figure. In July 2013, Bank of England Governor Mark Carney confirmed that Jane Austen will appear on a forthcoming £10 banknote (replacing Charles Darwin), saying that the authoress “certainly merits a place in the select group of historical figures to appear on our banknotes. Her novels have an enduring and universal appeal and she is recognized as one of the great writers in English literature.”