Planning, Building & Development | Page 36

Poverty Concentration It is a goal of the Lake County Board to “enhance livability and economic opportunities” for all County residents, and reducing poverty levels and dissipating areas of concentrated poverty support that goal. The recent economic recession, crash of the housing market, and high levels of unemployment have resulted in a significant decrease in the economic status of many households. Although minority households have had a higher rate of poverty in comparison to non-minority households for several decades, the poverty rate has increased with the weak economy. In Lake County, 9.3 percent of all households are below the poverty level. The rate for White and Asian households is below the overall poverty rate at 5.6 and 4.1 percent, respectively. However, the rate for Hispanic households is 18.1 percent, and the rate for African-American households is even higher, at 23 percent. Exhibit III-23. Poverty Status by Household At or above poverty level Below poverty level Total All 90.7% 9.3% 100% White 94.4% 5.6% 100% AfricanAmerican 76.9% 23.1% 100% Asian 95.9% 4.1% 100% Hispanic 81.6% 18.4% 100% Source: 2012 ACS 1-Year Estimates. High-poverty areas tend to have fewer asset- and income-building opportunities for those residents, and layering an examination of the patterns of poverty with racial conce ntrations is an important component in assessing the parity of opportunity in Lake County. In a study of “The Structure of Advantage and Disadvantage in the Chicago Region,” completed in 2005, researchers analyzed the correlation between race, income and access to asset- and income-building opportunities (such as jobs, housing price appreciation, education, municipal services, etc.).9 The study ranked all Chicago region communities on a data-based opportunity “index” and divided all communities into five equal groups (quintiles). They labeled the bottom two groups of communities as “lowopportunity” areas and noted these low-opportunity areas were characterized by: “Poverty rates are three to four times greater in the two low-opportunity groups.” Lukehart, John, Tom Luce, and Jason Reece, “The Segregation of Opportunities: The Structure of Advantage and Disadvantage in the Chicago Region,” May 2005. 9 34 APPLIED REAL ESTATE ANALYSIS, INC. LAKE COUNTY, ILLINOIS