PKSOI Lessons Learned Report January 2019

7. Annexes Annex A. Additional Lessons Meriting Attention (excerpts)  Reforming Security Sector Assistance for Africa Author: Mr. John “Jack” Dougherty “The United States has sought to combat security threats in Africa by providing security sector assistance (SSA) to partner governments on the continent. RAND research indicates these efforts have a mixed record.  o In the Cold War, SSA appears to have increased the incidence of civil wars. o In the post-Cold War era, SSA outside a peacekeeping context appears to have had little or no net effect on political violence. o In peacekeeping contexts, however, SSA appears to have reduced the incidence of civil wars, terrorism, and state repression.” Read more… Reintegrating Child Soldiers from Prison in Yemen Author: Ms. Katrina Gehman “Amidst Yemen’s devastating and ongoing civil war, grave violations against children have increased. Children have been recruited into various armed factions and some have been imprisoned for their association with armed groups. One local women-led peace- building organization, the Prisoner’s Relief Initiative, successfully reintegrated child soldiers from prison in a port city in Yemen.” Read more…  Recruitment & Retention of Policewomen/leaders in the Afghan National Police Author: Ms. Katrina Gehman “The inclusion of women in national police forces such as the Afghan National Police (ANP) can increase security effectiveness, community access to justice, and women’s leadership in the governance/security sector. However, Afghan women have faced barriers to both recruitment and retention in the ANP due to cultural attitudes, security threats, and lack of institutional support – as indicated in a 2016 study by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the Georgetown Institute for Women, Peace, and Security (WPS).” Read more…  Essential Factors for DDR Programs to Achieve Success (Experiences from Africa) Author: Mr. David Mosinski “Four factors have emerged as being essential for Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) programs to succeed, according to certain case studies in Africa. Those factors are: (1) the will for peace, (2) coordinated implementation of DDR with other conflict resolution tools, (3) addressing the pitfalls of structural and cultural violence, and (4) sustaining push and pull drivers through rewards, persuasion, and coercion.” Read more… 30

PKSOI Lessons Learned Report January 2019 | Page 30