PECM Issue 30 2018 | Page 46

Know that air flow through a natural draft cooling tower is due largely to the difference in density between the cool inlet air and the warm exit air. The air leaving the stack is lighter than ambient air, and a draft is created by chimney effect without the need of mechanical fans. Spray ponds cool by evaporative cooling so it occupies less area compared to cooling ponds. A spray pond uses a number of nozzles that distribute water into contact with the available air in the surrounding. Sufficient distance between the spray nozzle and the basin should be provided to keep the spray nozzle and the basin should be provided to keep the spray from being carried over to the sides of the pond basin. 46 PECM Issue 30 C ooling T ower M aintenance Cooling tower maintenance requirement is no doubt very minimal. The following are essentially the basics to be carried out. 1. Electric Fan Motor: Where draft is provided by fan mechanism the motor bearings need to be greased regularly of prevent noise while the belts are checked for broken and loose ones. 2. Transfer Pumps: The same maintenance requirements applicable to all pumps are applied and have been discussed earlier under pumps. 3. Louver Fence: Loose ends are to be replaced to contain all water and to prevent water loss. In some designs louvers are formed with woods whereas in others of metal plates. In any case always check the interlocks bolts tightened any loose ends. 4. Distribution Nozzles: Nozzles could be blocked and will cause uneven water spray or distribution across the tower, which may result to tower inefficiency. Good distribution is very necessary. Blocked nozzles could result from fouling effect due to deposits of scales formed by minerals salt available in the water. Blocked nozzles should be freed.