leaders will ultimately determine the place of Identity Activities
in military operations of all kinds.
Notes:
World Bank, “World Development Report 2011,” p. 54.
Barbara F. Walter: “Does Conflict Beget Conflict? Explaining
Recurring Civil War,” Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 41, No. 3,
May 2004, p. 371.
3
Zeev Maoz, “Peace by Empire? Conflict Outcomes and Inter-
national Stability, 1816-1976,” Journal of Peace Research, Vol.
21, No. 3, September 1984, pp. 227-41. Cited by Paul F. Diehl,
Jennifer Reifschneider, and Paul R. Hensel, “United Nations in-
tervention and recurring conflict,” International Organization,
Vol. 50, No. 4, Autumn 1996, p. 687.
4
Jeffrey Gettleman, “War Consumes South Sudan, a Young
Nation Cracking Apart,” The New York Times, March 4, 2017,
p. A1.
5
Stephen L. Quackenbush and Jerome F. Venteicher: “Settle-
ments, Outcomes, and the Recurrence of Conflict,”
Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 45, No. 6, November 2008, p.
737.
6
Ibid., p. 725.
7
Ibid., p. 737.
8
Ibid., p. 728
9
Walter, “Conflict Relapse and the Sustainability of Post-Con-
flict Peace,” Background paper for World Development Report
2011, World Bank, September 13, 2010, p. 1.
10
Walter, “Does Conflict Beget Conflict? Explaining Recurring
Civil War,” p. 375.
11
Ibid., p. 372.
12
Ibid.
13
Office of the Director of National Intelligence, “Summary of
the Reengagement of Detainees Formerly Held at Guantanamo
Bay, Cuba,” March 7, 2017.
14
Terrence McCoy, “How the Islamic State evolved in an
American prison,” The Washington Post, https://www.wash-
ingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/11/04/how-
an-american-prison-helped-ignite- the-islamic-state/?utm_ter-
m=.2880336a4b58 (accessed April 11, 2017).
15
Glenn Voelz: “Catalysts of Military Innovation: A Case Study
of Defense Biometrics,” Defense Acquisition Research Journal,
Vol. 23, No. 2, April 2016, p. 190.
1
2
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