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Risks Failure,” May 11, 2015, https://theglobalobservatory. org/2015/05/western-sahara-morocco-united-nations. 38 Josh Dyer, “Beyond Reforms: Considering A UN Exit In Western Sahara,” Oct 9, 2015, https://reliefweb.int/report/ western-sahara/beyond-reforms-considering-un-exit-west- ern-sahara; Anna Theofilopoulou, Jacob Mundy, “Why the UN won’t solve Western Sahara (until it becomes a crisis),” August 12, 2010, http://foreignpolicy.com/2010/08/12/why-the-un- wont-solve-western-sahara-until-it-becomes-a-crisis. 39 Conrad, “Nowhere Land. After 40 years of fighting in the desert for their unrecognized country, the people of Western Sahara may be on the cusp of collapsing into extremism — and it could be the thing that saves them.” 40 Randa Farah, “Sovereignty on Borrowed Territory: Sahrawi Identity in Algeria,” Georgetown Journal of International Af- fairs 11, no. 2 (Summer 2010); 59-66. 41 North Africa Post, “Terror Alert: Polisario Jihadist Abu Walid Al-Sahrawi Threatens MINURSO & Morocco,” May 6, 2016, http://northafricapost.com/12062-terror-alert-polisario-jihad- ist-abu-walid-al-sahrawi-threatens-minurso-morocco.html. 42 Geoffrey Jensen, War and Insurgency in the Western Sahara (Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute and US Army War College Press, 2013), 32. 43 Rick Gladstone, “Morocco Orders U.N. to Cut Staff in Dis- puted Western Sahara Territory,” The New York Times Online, March 17, 2016 https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/18/ world/africa/morocco-orders-un-to-cut-staff-in-disputed-west- ern-sahara-territory.html. 44 Sanjeev Gupta, Benedict Clements, Rina Bhattacharya, and Shamit Chakravarti, “The Elusive Peace Dividend,” Finance & Development 39, no. 4 (December 2002). 45 Central Intelligence Agency, “World Facebook, Morocco.” 46 James Corum and Wray Johnson, Airpower in Small Wars. Fighting Insurgents and Terrorist (Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 2003) 47 Edith Lederer, “Morocco warns it may act against Polisario in Western Sahara,” Associated Press (AP) News Online, April 4, 2018, https://apnews.com/f8dd03e065e644f1bb685b- 1c09b694b8/Morocco-warns-it-may-act-against-Polisario-in- Western-Sahara. 48 Committee on United Nations, Report On Legal Issues Involved In The Western Sahara Dispute: Use Of Natu- ral Resources (New York: New York City Bar Association, April 2011), http://www.nycbar.org/pdf/report/up- loads/20072089ReportonLegalIssuesInvolvedintheWesternSa- haraDispute.pdf. 49 Clionadh Raleigh and Caitriona Dowd. “Governance and Conflict in the Sahel’s ‘Ungoverned Space’.” Stability: Interna- tional Journal of Security and Development 2, no. 2 (2013). 50 Louis Charbonneau, “US proposes restoring U.N. Western Sahara's mission's functionality,” Reuters Online, April 27, 2016, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-morocco-westernsaha- ra-un-idUSKCN0XO2B0. 51 Amy Tachco, Explanation of Vote for MINURSO Renewal, (New York: US Mission to the United Nations, April 27, 2018), https://usun.state.gov/remarks/8413; Ambassador Michele J. Sison, Remarks at the Adoption of UN Security Council Reso- lution 2351 on the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) (New York: US Mission to the United Nations, April 28, 2017), https://usun.state.gov/ remarks/7786. 52 National Security and International Affairs Division, United Nations Peacekeeping. Status of Long-standing Operations and US Interests in Supporting Them (GAO/NSIAD-97-59) (Washington, DC: General Accounting Office, April 9, 1997); 18-19, 26, https://www.gao.gov/assets/230/223836.pdf. 53 Michael Rubin, “Why the Western Sahara matters,” Journal of International Security Affairs, American Enterprise Institute ( July 27, 2015), http://www.aei.org/publication/why-the-west- ern-sahara-matters/. 27