resulting from the aftermath, as well as civil disorder that emerg-
es from non-emergency events, such as planned demonstrations,
sporting events, etc. This would include developing policies
and procedures, while also training for POM and ES within
the overarching EM system. The SEMS system exemplifies this
model.
2) DOD and ICITAP could develop UoF policies and POM
plans with corresponding training that force options policies
and stresses police respect for the human rights and dignity of
citizens.
3) DOD and ICITAP could develop an election security plan
that integrates thepolice POM and UoF policies under the
overarching control of an elections commission. The election
security project ICITAP implemented with Nepal is an example
of this model.
DOJ/ICITAP
PKSOI Editorial Comment: The views expressed in this article are
those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy
or position of the Department of the Army, Department of De-
fense, or the U.S.Government. As approved in the 2017 National
Defense Authorization Act, DoD should consider using defense
funding for police training in countries where training such forces is
in accordance with the given country's Integrated Country Strategy
and the Combatant Command Theater strategy, and when
the need outweighs Department of State's capability to fund the
endeavor. This funding scenario is most appropriate for pre-conflict
conditions, whereas non-permissive, post-conflict environments
normally will retain DoD as the lead for security, and as such,
DoD would be the determining agency for the funding of such a
program.
Short-term interventions for POM and ES should only be
undertaken in the context of bolstering long-term institutional
development initiatives, and improving coordination between
international donors and host country actors. It is wishful
thinking to believe that training done for police in the months
leading up to elections, in the absence of institutional policy
anchors, can have a significant impact. However, refresher
simulation training for POM and ES can be invaluable when
presented as a means to improve coordination and collabora-
tion between the international donor community, host country
governments, and different actors in the criminal justice system,
where a viable institutional framework exists.
The Way Forward
DOD and ICITAP have an opportunity to collaborate on
POM, ES, and EM in a way that will be mutually beneficial and
in the best interests of the U.S. Government’s overall security
sector assistance strategy. Training and equipping has some-
times been seen as an end in itself, rather than as a tactic for
achieving sustainable institutional goals, like the creation of
effective emergency management, public order management,
and election security systems. These systems should be the
centerpiece for USG police, criminal justice, and security sector
assistance. This DOD-ICITAP partnership can achieve devel-
opment goals that cut across several sectors with short, medium,
and long-term impact. If this partnership succeeds, the same
type of systems-based approach can be used to coordinate other
areas of collaboration between DOD and ICITAP.
About the Author: Eric Beinhart Senior Training
Advisor
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