In Mali, given military and financial support by France and EU,
the AFISMA has achieved operational success against AQIM
and AE. AU-led force consisted of sub-regional organization’s
member states, and funds and logistic supports by great powers
and regional organization like EU and NATO, has led to effective military operations.
Lt. Col Norihisa Urakami
PKSOI International Research Fellow on exchange
from the Japan Ground Self
Defense Force.
Lt.Col Urakami is an expert
of Peace Operations (MA in
International Security).
He is working in the Peace
Operations Division in
PKSOI, research on Conflict
Prevention, Managemenet,
and Post-Conflict Recovery,
particuraly, UN Peacekeeping Operations and Peace Support Operations in Africa.
Conclusion
This paper provided an overview of the proliferation and
growth of terrorism in Africa. With this in mind, it is important
to note that Al-Shabaab, AQIM, Boko-Haram and the expansion of IS that exists in Africa are serious threats. There are some
commonalities among these terrorist organizations which point
to the strengthening of the terrorist’s network, funding relationships, and the support provided by fighters.
Considering anti-terrorism peace operations in Africa, this paper assessed the military operations of the AMISOM and AFISMA. Both missions achieved successful results to some extent,
given funds and logistic support by great powers and regional
organizations such as NATO and EU. These two anti-terrorism
peace operations need to continue to shape the role of the AU,
sub-regional organizations, great powers and regional organization outside Africa against increasing terrorist threats.
The AU needs to continue to operationalize the ASF, specifically focusing on increasing readiness and sustainability. The
readiness challenge is rapid deployment capability; while the
sustainability challenge is achieving effective logistics support.
The ASF and its 5 RSFs cannot meet the challenges of readiness
and sustainability. In order to fulfill ASF’s capability, it is critical
for great powers and regional organization outside Africa to
continue to support the ASF.
AMISOM is an ongoing AU military operation, while AFISMA was taken over by a UNPKO mission. However, UNPKO
missions are not independently capable of conducting a counter-terrorism campaign without a separate peace support operation. There will need to be collaboration between UNPKO and
a great powers or sub-regional multinational forces to conduct
successful anti-terrorism operations to help UNPKO to fulfill
their mandates.
The expansion and increase of terrorism in Africa affects the
peace and stability of international community as well as Africa.
To fulfill the shortfalls of UNPKO’s capability, capable powers
and regional organization must play a role in anti-terrorism
operations.
contact:
[email protected]
Notes:
Security Council Report, ‘Protection of Civilians in Armed
Conflict’, 2015, No.1, May 15, 2015.
2
UN Doc. S/RES/2178, September 24, 2014, paras. 2-3.
3
http://world.time.com/2013/09/21/terror-in-nairobi-behind-al-shabaabs-war-with-kenya/, accessed May 29, 2015.
4
http://ame ɥ