Patient Education Cancer Care | Página 25

• Use a stool softener and increase your fl uid intake as needed to prevent constipation. Stop taking the stool softener if you develop diarrhea. • Brush your teeth often with a soft- bristle toothbrush. Replace your toothbrush at least once a month. If are not able to replace your toothbrush monthly, you can run your current toothbrush through the dishwasher to thoroughly clean it. • If you have dentures, clean them at least twice a day. Avoid: • People with cold sores, fever blisters, shingles, chicken pox, measles, mumps, cold, or fl u. • People who have had vaccinations for polio, rubella, mumps, measles, yellow fever, or smallpox in the past few weeks. • Cleaning bird cages, fi sh tanks, or cat litter boxes. These carry germs that may make you sick. • Stagnant water, such as fl ower vases, denture cups, or drinks that have been sitting out for a long time. Food Safety • Scrub all fruits and vegetables before you eat them. Scrub melons before you cut them. Avoid foods that cannot be washed such as bean sprouts and raspberries. • Keep raw, cooked, and ready-to-eat foods separated when shopping for, preparing, or storing foods. Place raw meat in plastic bags. • Refrigerate perishable food promptly and thaw food in the refrigerator — not on the counter. • Check expiration dates of foods and discard if past date. • Clean your hands, utensils, dishes, and food contact surfaces. • Avoid eating raw or undercooked meat and fi sh. Cook foods to a safe temperature in order to kill germs. • Make sure eggs are well cooked before eating. Do not eat raw eggs. • Use only pasteurized milk and milk products. Avoid soft cheeses that are not pasteurized, such as feta, brie, Camembert, and blue cheese. Keeping Clean • If you have a long-term catheter, change the dressing as directed. Check the site for signs of infection, which include redness, drainage, swelling, or tenderness. • Wash your hands with warm water and antibacterial soap before eating, preparing food, and after using the toilet. Have anyone caring for you do the same. It can also be helpful to place several bottles of alcohol-based waterless hand cleansers throughout your home for others to use often. • Keep fi ngernails and toenails clean and short. Cut toenails straight across to prevent them from becoming ingrown. • Use an electric razor to shave. • Keep skin cracks and small cuts clean and covered. Watch for signs of infection. • Do not use enemas, rectal thermometers, or suppositories. 24