Overture Magazine - 2014-2015 January-February 2015 | Page 18

Alexa F. Faraday, MD { program notes Board Certified in Internal Medicine Personal & attentive medical care Health care coordination & advocacy Access 24/7 House calls available Greater Baltimore Medical Center 6701 N. Charles Street, Suite 4106 Baltimore, MD 21204 Phone: 855-372-5392 We will hear Beethoven’s final setting of this verse, made in 1823 –24 about the time he was composing the Ninth Symphony. In E Major throughout, it features a soprano soloist, who presents the solemn ceremonial theme and is echoed by the chorus for the last part of each of her two strophes. The most striking quality of this setting is perhaps the color of the instrumental ensemble Beethoven has chosen here: a plangent-sounding wind ensemble of clarinets, bassoons, and horns — but omitting the brighter toned flutes and oboes — along with strings. For the second verse, he introduces a prominent solo cello part, later expanded to all the cellos, whose mellow tone adds a poignantly personal quality to the music. Symphony No. 9 in D Minor Ludwig van Beethoven www.DrAlexaFaraday.com For more information, please contact us 18 years of fine cuisine expertly crafted and served JAN 18, FEB 8 & MAR 29 Valet Seven Days A Week 16 O v ertur e | www. bsomusic .org In the 190 years since its composition, Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9 has become far more than just another symphony. It is now “The Ninth”: an artistic creation, like Shakespeare’s Hamlet, in which every age and nearly every culture finds a mirror of its identity, its struggles, and its aspirations. Most listeners would agree with Michael Steinberg that, “explicitly, it seeks to make an ethical statement as much as a musical statement.” Beethoven always believed music had a higher purpose than merely the making of beautiful sounds, that it could express and inspire human aspirations toward a more exalted life, in closer harmony with neighbors and strangers alike, and ultimately with God. In the Ninth, he drove home this message by crowning his instrumental symphony with an unprecedented choral finale: a setting of Friedrich Schiller’s poem “Ode to Joy,” in which joy is defined as a state in which “all men are made brothers.” The Ninth Symphony comes from the visionary last years of Beethoven’s life during which he also created the Missa solemnis and his celebrated late string quartets. He had not written a symphony since the Eighth in 1812. The years that followed had been a period of emotional struggle and artistic stasis. Only when Beethoven resolved the battle for custody of his nephew Karl in 1820 did his creative powers flow freely again. By 1822 when he began sketching the Ninth, he was described by a Viennese contemporary, Johann Sporschil, as “one of the most active men who ever lived … deepest midnight found him still working.” Now virtually stone deaf, he had, in biographer Maynard Solomon’s words, “reached a stage where he had become wholly possessed by his art.” Since at least the early 1790s, Beethoven had loved Schiller’s “Ode to Joy” (written in 1785 as a drinking song) and considered setting it to music. But as late as the summer of 1823, he was still considering a purely instrumental finale for the Ninth. When he made the bold decision to risk a vocal movement, he edited the poem to make it express a higher joy for mankind than could be found in any tavern. Beethoven had loved Schiller’s “Ode to Joy” (written in 1785 as a drinking song) and considered setting it to music. Premiered at Vienna’s Kärtnertor Theater on May 7, 1824, the first performance reportedly moved its audience to tears as well as cheers. Beethoven was on the podium, but the real conductor was Michael Umlauf; the musicians had been instructed to follow only his beat and ignore the deaf Beethoven’s. The performance would probably have sounded terrible to us today: orchestra and singers had had only two rehearsals together of a work that many found beyond their capabilities. And yet the magic of the Ninth somehow won out. At the end of symphony, the alto soloist, Caroline Unger, had to turn Beethoven around to see the audience’s tumult; unable to hear them, he had remained hunched over his score. And what of the wonders of this score? Later composers wrote longer first movements, but the Ninth’s opening movement, at just 15 minutes, seems the vastest of them all. From the opening trickle of