Obiter Dicta Issue 5 - October 26, 2015 | Page 9

health week Tuesday, October 27, 2015   9 The Threat of Antibiotic Resistance - Law Could Be The Answer Many people are unknowingly being exposed to antibiotics ê Photo credit: Alamy A simmy sahdra › news editor The researchers reviewed hundreds of clinical trials between 1986 and 2011 that examined the effectiveness of antibiotics in preventing infection after chemotherapy or ten common surgical procedures. The procedures included: hip fracture surgery, pacemaker implantation, surgical abortion, spinal surgery, hip replacement, C-section delivery, prostate biopsy, appendectomy, hysterectomy, and colon surgery. The researchers estimate that between thirtynine and fifty-one percent of surgical site infections and twenty-seven percent of post-chemotherapy infections are caused by bacteria already somewhat resistant to antibiotics. Using a computer model, the study found that with a ten percent increase in antibiotic resistance, at least 2,100 more infection- ne w s t udy published in the Lancet on 16 October estimates that as many as half of infections after surgery and more than a quarter of infections after chemotherapy are caused by organisms already resistant to standard antibiotics. The World Health Organization (WHO) has also stated that antibiotic resistance trends pose threats to hospital care. Researchers have projected that if “...the development of antibiotic resistance increases by just new antibiotics will not help thirty percent in the United States, effective antibiotic the “tougher-to-treat” bacteria controls are not in place.” could cause 6,300 more deaths and 120,000 more infections in related deaths and 40,000 more infections following patients undergoing chemotherapy surgery or chemo would occur a year. A seventy percent increase in resistance would lead to an or common surgical procedures additional 15,000 deaths and 280,000 infections annually. a year. While one would probably The researchers warn that the development of new assume that with technology advances antibiotics will not help if eff V7F